{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1978-01-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-12","date_display":"January 12, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443520.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855055.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.8453,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.0112,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":38.1659,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.1659},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":306.0112,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6779},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":213.8565},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443520.770833,"ahargana":1855055.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5461,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.930395,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":307.696595,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1375},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":102.29729499999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":244.700695,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":64.69019500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":265.811095,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":126.07189499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":170.2446,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":350.2446,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443520.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855055.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.8453,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.0112,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":38.1659,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.1659},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":306.0112,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6779},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":213.8565},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.137,"elongation":38.166},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.137,"opposition_distance":141.834}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:41","dayLengthHours":11.20999129977392,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 12 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 47 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:31","moonsetLocal":"21:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:05","end":"15:29","startHours":14.08945362307804,"endHours":15.49070253554978,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:05","end":"08:29","startHours":7.083209060719339,"endHours":8.484457973191079,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:53","end":"11:17","startHours":9.885706885662819,"endHours":11.28695579813456,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:42","end":"10:04","startHours":9.698873697333253,"endHours":10.072540073992384,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:51","startHours":7.550292031543252,"endHours":7.849225132870557,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:19","end":"13:04","startHours":12.314538333947167,"endHours":13.061871087265429,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.5885435540828166,"endHours":6.335876307401078,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.1490431190715125,"endHours":7.083209060719339,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:33","end":"15:18","startHours":14.556536593901953,"endHours":15.303869347220214,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.09320036049326,"endHours":18.493200360493258,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:46","startHours":18.29320036049326,"endHours":18.760283331317172,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.04320036049326,"endHours":19.79320036049326,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:19","end":"01:04","startHours":24.31453833394717,"endHours":25.06187108726543,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:05","end":"08:29","startHours":7.083209060719339,"endHours":8.484457973191079,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:29","end":"09:53","startHours":8.484457973191079,"endHours":9.885706885662819,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:53","end":"11:17","startHours":9.885706885662819,"endHours":11.28695579813456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:17","end":"12:41","startHours":11.28695579813456,"endHours":12.6882047106063,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:41","end":"14:05","startHours":12.6882047106063,"endHours":14.08945362307804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:05","end":"15:29","startHours":14.08945362307804,"endHours":15.49070253554978,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:29","end":"16:54","startHours":15.49070253554978,"endHours":16.89195144802152,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:54","end":"18:18","startHours":16.89195144802152,"endHours":18.29320036049326,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:18","end":"19:54","startHours":18.29320036049326,"endHours":19.89195144802152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:54","end":"21:29","startHours":19.89195144802152,"endHours":21.49070253554978,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:29","end":"23:05","startHours":21.49070253554978,"endHours":23.08945362307804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:05","end":"00:41","startHours":23.08945362307804,"endHours":24.6882047106063,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:41","end":"02:17","startHours":24.6882047106063,"endHours":26.28695579813456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:17","end":"03:53","startHours":26.28695579813456,"endHours":27.88570688566282,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:53","end":"05:29","startHours":27.88570688566282,"endHours":29.484457973191077,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:29","end":"07:05","startHours":29.484457973191077,"endHours":31.08320906071934,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.083209060719339,"endHours":8.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.083209060719339,"endHours":9.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.083209060719339,"endHours":10.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.083209060719339,"endHours":11.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.083209060719339,"endHours":12.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.083209060719339,"endHours":13.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.083209060719339,"endHours":14.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.083209060719339,"endHours":15.083209060719339,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.083209060719339,"endHours":16.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.08320906071934,"endHours":17.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.08320906071934,"endHours":18.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.08320906071934,"endHours":19.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.08320906071934,"endHours":20.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.08320906071934,"endHours":21.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.08320906071934,"endHours":22.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.08320906071934,"endHours":23.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.08320906071934,"endHours":24.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.08320906071934,"endHours":25.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.08320906071934,"endHours":26.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.08320906071934,"endHours":27.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.08320906071934,"endHours":28.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.08320906071934,"endHours":29.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.08320906071934,"endHours":30.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.08320906071934,"endHours":31.08320906071934,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.72283552900783,"eotMinutes":-8.265482636377905,"ayanamsa":23.5461}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 12, 1978 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 12, 1978 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-01-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T18:24:47.256Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T18:24:47.256Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T18:24:47.256Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}