{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1977-10-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1977-10-01","date_display":"October 1, 1977 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443417.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1854952.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.5166,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":28.8112,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.2945,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2945},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":28.8112,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1445},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":192.3278},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1977,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443417.770833,"ahargana":1854952.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5422,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":164.20822999999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.656729999999982,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.4563},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":84.23762999999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":150.98003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.50593000000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":137.06002999999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":122.67493000000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":175.702,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":355.702,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443417.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1854952.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.5166,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":28.8112,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.2945,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2945},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":28.8112,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1445},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":192.3278},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.456,"elongation":134.705},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.456,"opposition_distance":45.295}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.413,"opposition_distance":1.994},{"offset_days":12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.112,"elongation":1.127}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":11.992973219168356,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:47","moonsetLocal":"09:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:22","end":"10:52","startHours":9.366073958764837,"endHours":10.865195611160882,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:52","end":"15:22","startHours":13.86343891595297,"endHours":15.362560568349014,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:52","startHours":6.3678306539727485,"endHours":7.866952306368793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.166191071778698,"endHours":9.565956845750977,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.867537871438096,"endHours":7.187350490615919,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:46","startHours":11.964551489584649,"endHours":12.764083037529206,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:46","end":"05:34","startHours":4.768767558083635,"endHours":5.568299106028191,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.368416219042052,"endHours":6.3678306539727485,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:10","startHours":14.363146133418319,"endHours":15.162677681362876,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.160803873141106,"endHours":18.560803873141104,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:52","startHours":18.360803873141105,"endHours":18.860511090606455,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.110803873141105,"endHours":19.860803873141105,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:46","startHours":23.96455148958465,"endHours":24.764083037529204,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:52","startHours":6.3678306539727485,"endHours":7.866952306368793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.866952306368793,"endHours":9.366073958764837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:22","end":"10:52","startHours":9.366073958764837,"endHours":10.865195611160882,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:52","end":"12:22","startHours":10.865195611160882,"endHours":12.364317263556927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:22","end":"13:52","startHours":12.364317263556927,"endHours":13.86343891595297,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:52","end":"15:22","startHours":13.86343891595297,"endHours":15.362560568349014,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:22","end":"16:52","startHours":15.362560568349014,"endHours":16.86168222074506,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:52","end":"18:22","startHours":16.86168222074506,"endHours":18.360803873141105,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:22","end":"19:52","startHours":18.360803873141105,"endHours":19.86168222074506,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:52","end":"21:22","startHours":19.86168222074506,"endHours":21.362560568349018,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:22","end":"22:52","startHours":21.362560568349018,"endHours":22.863438915952973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:52","end":"00:22","startHours":22.863438915952973,"endHours":24.364317263556927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:22","end":"01:52","startHours":24.364317263556927,"endHours":25.865195611160882,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:52","end":"03:22","startHours":25.865195611160882,"endHours":27.366073958764837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:22","end":"04:52","startHours":27.366073958764837,"endHours":28.866952306368795,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:52","end":"06:22","startHours":28.866952306368795,"endHours":30.36783065397275,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.3678306539727485,"endHours":7.3678306539727485,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.3678306539727485,"endHours":8.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.36783065397275,"endHours":9.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.36783065397275,"endHours":10.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.36783065397275,"endHours":11.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.36783065397275,"endHours":12.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.36783065397275,"endHours":13.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.36783065397275,"endHours":14.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.36783065397275,"endHours":15.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.36783065397275,"endHours":16.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.36783065397275,"endHours":17.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.36783065397275,"endHours":18.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.36783065397275,"endHours":19.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.36783065397275,"endHours":20.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.36783065397275,"endHours":21.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.36783065397275,"endHours":22.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.36783065397275,"endHours":23.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.36783065397275,"endHours":24.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.36783065397275,"endHours":25.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.36783065397275,"endHours":26.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.36783065397275,"endHours":27.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.36783065397275,"endHours":28.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.36783065397275,"endHours":29.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.36783065397275,"endHours":30.36783065397275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-3.074680748666389,"eotMinutes":11.167764186584405,"ayanamsa":23.5422}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2034,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":1899,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1384,"malayalam_era":1153,"nanakshahi_year":508,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2034 Pramoda · Śaka 1899 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 1, 1977 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 1, 1977 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-10-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T13:35:01.658Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T13:35:01.658Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-20T13:35:01.658Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}