{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1977-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1977-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 1977 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443263.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1854798.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.1689,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.9135,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":133.7446,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7446},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.9135,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2468},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":166.0824},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1977,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443263.770833,"ahargana":1854798.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5363,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.051414000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":148.139114,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5112},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":338.663614,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":17.608213999999975,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.871014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":345.187814,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":106.70181400000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":183.8617,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":3.8617,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443263.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1854798.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.1689,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.9135,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":133.7446,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7446},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.9135,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2468},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":166.0824},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.511,"elongation":133.745},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.511,"opposition_distance":46.255}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.721655023709884,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:12","moonsetLocal":"03:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:19","end":"10:55","startHours":9.323608557585827,"endHours":10.913815435549562,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.094229191477034,"endHours":15.684436069440768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:09","end":"07:44","startHours":6.143194801658355,"endHours":7.733401679622091,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:32","startHours":9.111580973857329,"endHours":9.535636141314324,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:01","startHours":6.6732637609796,"endHours":7.012507894945196,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:56","startHours":12.0799671460563,"endHours":12.928077480970293,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:18","startHours":4.446974131830371,"endHours":5.295084466744363,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:09","startHours":5.083056883015865,"endHours":6.143194801658355,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.624298150798277,"endHours":15.472408485712268,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.66484982536824,"endHours":19.06484982536824,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:24","startHours":18.86484982536824,"endHours":19.394918784689484,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.61484982536824,"endHours":20.36484982536824,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:56","startHours":24.0799671460563,"endHours":24.92807748097029,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:09","end":"07:44","startHours":6.143194801658355,"endHours":7.733401679622091,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:44","end":"09:19","startHours":7.733401679622091,"endHours":9.323608557585827,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:19","end":"10:55","startHours":9.323608557585827,"endHours":10.913815435549562,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:55","end":"12:30","startHours":10.913815435549562,"endHours":12.504022313513296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:30","end":"14:06","startHours":12.504022313513296,"endHours":14.094229191477034,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.094229191477034,"endHours":15.684436069440768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.684436069440768,"endHours":17.2746429474045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:16","end":"18:52","startHours":17.2746429474045,"endHours":18.86484982536824,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:52","end":"20:16","startHours":18.86484982536824,"endHours":20.274642947404505,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:16","end":"21:41","startHours":20.274642947404505,"endHours":21.684436069440768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.684436069440768,"endHours":23.094229191477034,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:30","startHours":23.094229191477034,"endHours":24.504022313513296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:30","end":"01:55","startHours":24.504022313513296,"endHours":25.913815435549562,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:55","end":"03:19","startHours":25.913815435549562,"endHours":27.32360855758583,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:19","end":"04:44","startHours":27.32360855758583,"endHours":28.73340167962209,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:44","end":"06:09","startHours":28.73340167962209,"endHours":30.143194801658353,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.143194801658355,"endHours":7.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.143194801658355,"endHours":8.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.143194801658355,"endHours":9.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.143194801658355,"endHours":10.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.143194801658355,"endHours":11.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.143194801658355,"endHours":12.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.143194801658355,"endHours":13.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.143194801658355,"endHours":14.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.143194801658355,"endHours":15.143194801658355,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.143194801658355,"endHours":16.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.143194801658353,"endHours":17.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.143194801658353,"endHours":18.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.143194801658353,"endHours":19.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.143194801658353,"endHours":20.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.143194801658353,"endHours":21.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.143194801658353,"endHours":22.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.143194801658353,"endHours":23.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.143194801658353,"endHours":24.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.143194801658353,"endHours":25.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.143194801658353,"endHours":26.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.143194801658353,"endHours":27.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.143194801658353,"endHours":28.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.143194801658353,"endHours":29.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.143194801658353,"endHours":30.143194801658353,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.682262761905308,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":23.5363}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2034,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":1899,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1384,"malayalam_era":1153,"nanakshahi_year":508,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2034 Pramoda · Śaka 1899 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 1977 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 1977 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:21:12.683Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:21:12.683Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T06:21:12.683Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}