{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1977-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1977-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 1977 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443233.770833,"kali_year":5078,"ahargana":1854768.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.9014,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.1079,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":127.2065,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2065},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":114.1079,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4412},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":101.0093},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1977,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443233.770833,"ahargana":1854768.2708,"kali_year":5078,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5351,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.68036,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.78175999999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2631},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":315.37015999999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":1.441660000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":35.637159999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":357.02106,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":106.52326,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":185.4512,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":5.4512,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1977,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443233.770833,"kali_year":5078,"ahargana":1854768.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.9014,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.1079,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":127.2065,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2065},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":114.1079,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4412},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":101.0093},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.263,"elongation":127.207},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.263,"opposition_distance":52.793}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:29","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.278431572863752,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:40","moonsetLocal":"03:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.162945636876078,"endHours":15.697749583484047,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:29","end":"08:01","startHours":6.488925903836233,"endHours":8.023729850444202,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:34","end":"11:06","startHours":9.55853379705217,"endHours":11.09333774366014,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:46","startHours":9.353893270837775,"endHours":9.763174323266567,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:00","end":"07:20","startHours":7.0005272193722226,"endHours":7.327952061315256,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:02","startHours":12.218860637839317,"endHours":13.0374227426969,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:40","startHours":4.8518016941210655,"endHours":5.670363798978649,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:29","startHours":5.465723272764253,"endHours":6.488925903836233,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:30","startHours":14.674546952412069,"endHours":15.493109057269653,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.567357476699986,"endHours":18.967357476699984,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.767357476699985,"endHours":19.278958792235976,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.517357476699985,"endHours":20.267357476699985,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:02","startHours":24.218860637839317,"endHours":25.0374227426969,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:29","end":"08:01","startHours":6.488925903836233,"endHours":8.023729850444202,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:01","end":"09:34","startHours":8.023729850444202,"endHours":9.55853379705217,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:34","end":"11:06","startHours":9.55853379705217,"endHours":11.09333774366014,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:06","end":"12:38","startHours":11.09333774366014,"endHours":12.628141690268109,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.628141690268109,"endHours":14.162945636876078,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.162945636876078,"endHours":15.697749583484047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697749583484047,"endHours":17.232553530092016,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:14","end":"18:46","startHours":17.232553530092016,"endHours":18.767357476699985,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:46","end":"20:14","startHours":18.767357476699985,"endHours":20.232553530092016,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.232553530092016,"endHours":21.697749583484047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.697749583484047,"endHours":23.162945636876078,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:10","end":"00:38","startHours":23.162945636876078,"endHours":24.62814169026811,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:38","end":"02:06","startHours":24.62814169026811,"endHours":26.09333774366014,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:06","end":"03:34","startHours":26.09333774366014,"endHours":27.55853379705217,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:34","end":"05:01","startHours":27.55853379705217,"endHours":29.0237298504442,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:01","end":"06:29","startHours":29.0237298504442,"endHours":30.488925903836233,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.488925903836233,"endHours":7.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.488925903836233,"endHours":8.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.488925903836233,"endHours":9.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.488925903836233,"endHours":10.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.488925903836233,"endHours":11.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.488925903836233,"endHours":12.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.488925903836233,"endHours":13.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.488925903836233,"endHours":14.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.488925903836233,"endHours":15.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.488925903836233,"endHours":16.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.488925903836233,"endHours":17.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.488925903836233,"endHours":18.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.488925903836233,"endHours":19.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.488925903836233,"endHours":20.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.488925903836233,"endHours":21.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.488925903836233,"endHours":22.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.488925903836233,"endHours":23.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.488925903836233,"endHours":24.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.488925903836233,"endHours":25.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.488925903836233,"endHours":26.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.488925903836233,"endHours":27.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.488925903836233,"endHours":28.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.488925903836233,"endHours":29.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.488925903836233,"endHours":30.488925903836233,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.04488702433527,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":23.5351}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2034,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":1899,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1384,"malayalam_era":1153,"nanakshahi_year":508,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2034 Pramoda · Śaka 1899 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[{"id":"kamada-ekadashi","name":"Kāmadā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"कामदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Fulfills righteous desires; removes brahma-hatyā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 1977 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 1977 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:29, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1977-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T06:19:26.341Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T06:19:26.341Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T06:19:26.341Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}