{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1975-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1975-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 1975 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1975,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2442471.770833,"kali_year":5076,"ahargana":1854006.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5234,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.0072,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":206.4838,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4838},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.0072,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0072},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.5307},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1975,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2442471.770833,"ahargana":1854006.2708,"kali_year":5076,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.506,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.31567399999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":163.60827399999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0375},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":274.42887399999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.391474,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":332.119374,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":342.546274,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":78.76897400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.8257,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.8257,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1975,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2442471.770833,"kali_year":5076,"ahargana":1854006.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5234,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.0072,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":206.4838,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4838},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.0072,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0072},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.5307},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.037,"elongation":153.516},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.037,"opposition_distance":26.484}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:53","sunsetLocal":"18:40","solarNoonLocal":"12:46","dayLengthHours":11.78425684460036,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:40","moonsetLocal":"08:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:18","end":"12:46","startHours":11.297798874858746,"endHours":12.770830980433793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:43","end":"17:11","startHours":15.71689519158388,"endHours":17.189927297158928,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"09:49","startHours":8.351734663708656,"endHours":9.824766769283702,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:38","end":"10:01","startHours":9.628362488540363,"endHours":10.021171050027041,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:22","end":"07:41","startHours":7.36971325999196,"endHours":7.683960109181303,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:23","end":"13:10","startHours":12.378022418947113,"endHours":13.16363954192047,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:18","end":"06:06","startHours":5.307468312186897,"endHours":6.093085435160255,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:54","end":"06:53","startHours":5.896681154416915,"endHours":6.878702558133612,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:31","startHours":14.734873787867187,"endHours":15.520490910840545,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:28","end":"18:52","startHours":18.462959402733972,"endHours":18.86295940273397,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:40","end":"19:09","startHours":18.66295940273397,"endHours":19.153970104592318,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"20:10","startHours":18.41295940273397,"endHours":20.16295940273397,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:23","end":"01:10","startHours":24.378022418947115,"endHours":25.16363954192047,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:53","end":"08:21","startHours":6.878702558133612,"endHours":8.351734663708656,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:21","end":"09:49","startHours":8.351734663708656,"endHours":9.824766769283702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:49","end":"11:18","startHours":9.824766769283702,"endHours":11.297798874858746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:18","end":"12:46","startHours":11.297798874858746,"endHours":12.770830980433793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:46","end":"14:15","startHours":12.770830980433793,"endHours":14.243863086008837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:15","end":"15:43","startHours":14.243863086008837,"endHours":15.71689519158388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:43","end":"17:11","startHours":15.71689519158388,"endHours":17.189927297158928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:11","end":"18:40","startHours":17.189927297158928,"endHours":18.66295940273397,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:40","end":"20:11","startHours":18.66295940273397,"endHours":20.189927297158928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:11","end":"21:43","startHours":20.189927297158928,"endHours":21.71689519158388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:43","end":"23:15","startHours":21.71689519158388,"endHours":23.243863086008837,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:15","end":"00:46","startHours":23.243863086008837,"endHours":24.770830980433793,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:46","end":"02:18","startHours":24.770830980433793,"endHours":26.297798874858746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:18","end":"03:49","startHours":26.297798874858746,"endHours":27.824766769283702,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:49","end":"05:21","startHours":27.824766769283702,"endHours":29.351734663708655,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:21","end":"06:53","startHours":29.351734663708655,"endHours":30.87870255813361,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:53","end":"07:53","startHours":6.878702558133612,"endHours":7.878702558133612,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:53","end":"08:53","startHours":7.878702558133612,"endHours":8.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:53","end":"09:53","startHours":8.878702558133611,"endHours":9.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:53","end":"10:53","startHours":9.878702558133611,"endHours":10.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:53","end":"11:53","startHours":10.878702558133611,"endHours":11.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:53","end":"12:53","startHours":11.878702558133611,"endHours":12.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:53","end":"13:53","startHours":12.878702558133611,"endHours":13.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:53","end":"14:53","startHours":13.878702558133611,"endHours":14.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:53","end":"15:53","startHours":14.878702558133611,"endHours":15.878702558133611,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:53","end":"16:53","startHours":15.878702558133611,"endHours":16.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:53","end":"17:53","startHours":16.87870255813361,"endHours":17.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:53","end":"18:53","startHours":17.87870255813361,"endHours":18.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:53","end":"19:53","startHours":18.87870255813361,"endHours":19.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:53","end":"20:53","startHours":19.87870255813361,"endHours":20.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:53","end":"21:53","startHours":20.87870255813361,"endHours":21.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:53","end":"22:53","startHours":21.87870255813361,"endHours":22.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:53","end":"23:53","startHours":22.87870255813361,"endHours":23.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:53","end":"00:53","startHours":23.87870255813361,"endHours":24.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:53","end":"01:53","startHours":24.87870255813361,"endHours":25.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:53","end":"02:53","startHours":25.87870255813361,"endHours":26.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:53","end":"03:53","startHours":26.87870255813361,"endHours":27.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:53","end":"04:53","startHours":27.87870255813361,"endHours":28.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:53","end":"05:53","startHours":28.87870255813361,"endHours":29.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:53","end":"06:53","startHours":29.87870255813361,"endHours":30.87870255813361,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.261401116910978,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":23.506}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2032,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vibhava","saka_samvat":1897,"saka_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","bengali_samvat":1382,"malayalam_era":1151,"nanakshahi_year":506,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2032 Vibhava · Śaka 1897 Rākṣasa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 1975 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 1975 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:53, sūryāsta 18:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1975-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:32.007Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:32.007Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:32.007Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}