{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1973-07-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1973-07-12","date_display":"July 12, 1973 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":7,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441875.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.7235,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":226.4478,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.7243,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7243},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":226.4478,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1145},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":312.1713},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1973,"month":7,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441875.770833,"ahargana":1853410.2708,"kali_year":5075,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4832,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.071346,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":228.425746,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.313},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":350.215246,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":99.15594599999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":286.36574599999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":111.07714600000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":64.27454599999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":257.4046,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":77.4046,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":7,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441875.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.7235,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":226.4478,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.7243,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7243},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":226.4478,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1145},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":312.1713},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.313,"elongation":140.724},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.313,"opposition_distance":39.276}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"19:10","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":13.055258655412915,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 03 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 56 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:33","moonsetLocal":"03:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.269668497377532,"endHours":15.901575829304146,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:07","end":"07:45","startHours":6.11013183774446,"endHours":7.742039169671074,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:22","end":"11:00","startHours":9.373946501597688,"endHours":11.005853833524302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:09","end":"09:35","startHours":9.156358857340805,"endHours":9.59153414585457,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:39","end":"07:00","startHours":6.654100948386665,"endHours":7.002241179197676,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:12","end":"13:04","startHours":12.202585876937155,"endHours":13.072936453964681,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:22","end":"05:14","startHours":4.369430683689404,"endHours":5.239781260716931,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:01","end":"06:07","startHours":5.02219361646005,"endHours":6.11013183774446,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:41","startHours":14.813637608019738,"endHours":15.683988185047266,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:58","end":"19:22","startHours":18.965390493157376,"endHours":19.365390493157374,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:10","end":"19:43","startHours":19.165390493157375,"endHours":19.70935960379958,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:55","end":"20:40","startHours":18.915390493157375,"endHours":20.665390493157375,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:12","end":"01:04","startHours":24.202585876937153,"endHours":25.072936453964683,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:07","end":"07:45","startHours":6.11013183774446,"endHours":7.742039169671074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:45","end":"09:22","startHours":7.742039169671074,"endHours":9.373946501597688,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:22","end":"11:00","startHours":9.373946501597688,"endHours":11.005853833524302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:00","end":"12:38","startHours":11.005853833524302,"endHours":12.637761165450918,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:38","end":"14:16","startHours":12.637761165450918,"endHours":14.269668497377532,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.269668497377532,"endHours":15.901575829304146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:32","startHours":15.901575829304146,"endHours":17.533483161230762,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:32","end":"19:10","startHours":17.533483161230762,"endHours":19.165390493157375,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:10","end":"20:32","startHours":19.165390493157375,"endHours":20.53348316123076,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:32","end":"21:54","startHours":20.53348316123076,"endHours":21.901575829304146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:54","end":"23:16","startHours":21.901575829304146,"endHours":23.26966849737753,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:16","end":"00:38","startHours":23.26966849737753,"endHours":24.637761165450918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:38","end":"02:00","startHours":24.637761165450918,"endHours":26.005853833524302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:00","end":"03:22","startHours":26.005853833524302,"endHours":27.373946501597686,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:22","end":"04:45","startHours":27.373946501597686,"endHours":28.742039169671074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:45","end":"06:07","startHours":28.742039169671074,"endHours":30.11013183774446,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.11013183774446,"endHours":7.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.11013183774446,"endHours":8.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.11013183774446,"endHours":9.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.11013183774446,"endHours":10.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.11013183774446,"endHours":11.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.11013183774446,"endHours":12.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.11013183774446,"endHours":13.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.11013183774446,"endHours":14.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.11013183774446,"endHours":15.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.11013183774446,"endHours":16.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.11013183774446,"endHours":17.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.11013183774446,"endHours":18.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.11013183774446,"endHours":19.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.11013183774446,"endHours":20.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.11013183774446,"endHours":21.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.11013183774446,"endHours":22.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.11013183774446,"endHours":23.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.11013183774446,"endHours":24.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.11013183774446,"endHours":25.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.11013183774446,"endHours":26.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.11013183774446,"endHours":27.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.11013183774446,"endHours":28.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.11013183774446,"endHours":29.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.11013183774446,"endHours":30.11013183774446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":22.011492135427705,"eotMinutes":-5.238869927055064,"ayanamsa":23.4832}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2030,"vikram_samvatsara":"Akṣaya","saka_samvat":1895,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramādī","bengali_samvat":1380,"malayalam_era":1149,"nanakshahi_year":504,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2030 Akṣaya · Śaka 1895 Pramādī"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 12, 1973 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 12, 1973 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 19:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1973-07-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T09:48:23.753Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T09:48:23.753Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T09:48:23.753Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}