{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1972-01-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1972-01-18","date_display":"January 18, 1972 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1972,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441334.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852869.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.5469,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.3776,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":18.8306,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8306},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":292.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3776},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":205.9245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1972,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441334.770833,"ahargana":1852869.2708,"kali_year":5073,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4625,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.57171600000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.514416,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.4939},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":351.411116,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":255.686916,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":243.30341599999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.652116,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":36.640315999999984,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":286.0694,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":106.0694,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1972,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441334.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852869.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.5469,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.3776,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":18.8306,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8306},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":292.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3776},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":205.9245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.494,"elongation":18.831},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.494,"opposition_distance":161.169}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":11.254247684263428,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:20","moonsetLocal":"19:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:32","end":"16:57","startHours":15.53649574742735,"endHours":16.94327670796028,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:55","end":"11:19","startHours":9.909371905295636,"endHours":11.316152865828565,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:43","end":"14:08","startHours":12.722933826361494,"endHours":14.129714786894422,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:06","startHours":9.721801110557912,"endHours":10.09694270003336,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.564736971074089,"endHours":7.864850242654446,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:06","startHours":12.347792236886047,"endHours":13.098075415836941,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.595243626327989,"endHours":6.345526805278884,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.15795601054116,"endHours":7.0958099842297795,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:21","startHours":14.59864177373873,"endHours":15.348924952689625,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.150057668493208,"endHours":18.550057668493206,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:49","startHours":18.350057668493207,"endHours":18.818984655337516,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.100057668493207,"endHours":19.850057668493207,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:06","startHours":24.347792236886047,"endHours":25.09807541583694,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.0958099842297795,"endHours":8.502590944762709,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.502590944762709,"endHours":9.909371905295636,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:55","end":"11:19","startHours":9.909371905295636,"endHours":11.316152865828565,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:19","end":"12:43","startHours":11.316152865828565,"endHours":12.722933826361494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:43","end":"14:08","startHours":12.722933826361494,"endHours":14.129714786894422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:32","startHours":14.129714786894422,"endHours":15.53649574742735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:32","end":"16:57","startHours":15.53649574742735,"endHours":16.94327670796028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:57","end":"18:21","startHours":16.94327670796028,"endHours":18.350057668493207,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:21","end":"19:57","startHours":18.350057668493207,"endHours":19.94327670796028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:57","end":"21:32","startHours":19.94327670796028,"endHours":21.53649574742735,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:32","end":"23:08","startHours":21.53649574742735,"endHours":23.12971478689442,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:08","end":"00:43","startHours":23.12971478689442,"endHours":24.722933826361494,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:43","end":"02:19","startHours":24.722933826361494,"endHours":26.316152865828563,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:19","end":"03:55","startHours":26.316152865828563,"endHours":27.909371905295636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.909371905295636,"endHours":29.50259094476271,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.50259094476271,"endHours":31.09580998422978,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.0958099842297795,"endHours":8.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.09580998422978,"endHours":9.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.09580998422978,"endHours":10.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.09580998422978,"endHours":11.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.09580998422978,"endHours":12.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.09580998422978,"endHours":13.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.09580998422978,"endHours":14.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.09580998422978,"endHours":15.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.09580998422978,"endHours":16.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09580998422978,"endHours":17.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09580998422978,"endHours":18.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09580998422978,"endHours":19.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09580998422978,"endHours":20.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09580998422978,"endHours":21.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09580998422978,"endHours":22.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09580998422978,"endHours":23.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09580998422978,"endHours":24.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09580998422978,"endHours":25.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09580998422978,"endHours":26.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09580998422978,"endHours":27.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09580998422978,"endHours":28.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09580998422978,"endHours":29.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09580998422978,"endHours":30.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09580998422978,"endHours":31.09580998422978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.7489758995053,"eotMinutes":-10.349229581689698,"ayanamsa":23.4625}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2029,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1894,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1379,"malayalam_era":1148,"nanakshahi_year":503,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2029 Krodhana · Śaka 1894 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 18, 1972 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 18, 1972 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1972-01-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T12:37:09.660Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T12:37:09.660Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T12:37:09.660Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}