{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1971-07-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-07-22","date_display":"July 22, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441154.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852689.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.7413,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":92.2277,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.4864,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4864},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4,"moon_longitude":92.2277,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.2277},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":186.9689},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441154.770833,"ahargana":1852689.2708,"kali_year":5073,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4556,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":95.14639299999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":91.058493,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.7841},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":298.086493,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":121.407893,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":213.89339300000006,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":85.47949299999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":40.511393,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":295.6067,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":115.6067,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441154.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852689.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.7413,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":92.2277,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.4864,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4864},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4,"moon_longitude":92.2277,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.2277},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":186.9689},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.784,"elongation":2.514},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.784,"opposition_distance":177.486}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":16,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.252,"opposition_distance":1.604}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:10","sunsetLocal":"19:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.980811206012156,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:53","moonsetLocal":"18:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.274649697679568,"endHours":15.897251098431086,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:10","end":"07:47","startHours":6.161642693921969,"endHours":7.784244094673489,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:24","end":"11:02","startHours":9.406845495425008,"endHours":11.029446896176527,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:37","startHours":9.190498641991471,"endHours":9.623192348858545,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:42","end":"07:03","startHours":6.702509827505809,"endHours":7.048664792999467,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.219354590060975,"endHours":13.08474200379512,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:18","startHours":4.430867866453681,"endHours":5.296255280187825,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:10","startHours":5.079908426754289,"endHours":6.161642693921969,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:41","startHours":14.815516831263407,"endHours":15.680904244997551,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:57","end":"19:21","startHours":18.942453899934126,"endHours":19.342453899934124,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:09","end":"19:41","startHours":19.142453899934125,"endHours":19.683321033517966,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:54","end":"20:39","startHours":18.892453899934125,"endHours":20.642453899934125,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.219354590060977,"endHours":25.084742003795117,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:10","end":"07:47","startHours":6.161642693921969,"endHours":7.784244094673489,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:47","end":"09:24","startHours":7.784244094673489,"endHours":9.406845495425008,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:24","end":"11:02","startHours":9.406845495425008,"endHours":11.029446896176527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:02","end":"12:39","startHours":11.029446896176527,"endHours":12.652048296928047,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.652048296928047,"endHours":14.274649697679568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.274649697679568,"endHours":15.897251098431086,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:31","startHours":15.897251098431086,"endHours":17.519852499182605,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:31","end":"19:09","startHours":17.519852499182605,"endHours":19.142453899934125,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:09","end":"20:31","startHours":19.142453899934125,"endHours":20.519852499182605,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:31","end":"21:54","startHours":20.519852499182605,"endHours":21.897251098431084,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:54","end":"23:16","startHours":21.897251098431084,"endHours":23.274649697679568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.274649697679568,"endHours":24.652048296928047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:39","end":"02:02","startHours":24.652048296928047,"endHours":26.029446896176527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:02","end":"03:24","startHours":26.029446896176527,"endHours":27.40684549542501,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:24","end":"04:47","startHours":27.40684549542501,"endHours":28.78424409467349,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:47","end":"06:10","startHours":28.78424409467349,"endHours":30.16164269392197,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":6.161642693921969,"endHours":7.161642693921969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.161642693921969,"endHours":8.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.16164269392197,"endHours":9.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.16164269392197,"endHours":10.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.16164269392197,"endHours":11.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.16164269392197,"endHours":12.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.16164269392197,"endHours":13.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.16164269392197,"endHours":14.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.16164269392197,"endHours":15.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.16164269392197,"endHours":16.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.16164269392197,"endHours":17.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.16164269392197,"endHours":18.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.16164269392197,"endHours":19.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.16164269392197,"endHours":20.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.16164269392197,"endHours":21.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.16164269392197,"endHours":22.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.16164269392197,"endHours":23.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.16164269392197,"endHours":24.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.16164269392197,"endHours":25.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.16164269392197,"endHours":26.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.16164269392197,"endHours":27.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.16164269392197,"endHours":28.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.16164269392197,"endHours":29.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.16164269392197,"endHours":30.16164269392197,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.438128847422803,"eotMinutes":-6.096097815682823,"ayanamsa":23.4556}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 22, 1971 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 22, 1971 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:10, sūryāsta 19:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-07-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T07:22:23.935Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T07:22:23.935Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T07:22:23.935Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}