{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1971-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441102.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852637.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4521,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":124.367,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":78.9149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9149},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":124.367,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.367},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":169.8191},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441102.770833,"ahargana":1852637.2708,"kali_year":5073,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4536,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.50308000000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":124.61457999999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.4703},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":289.56428000000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":24.29638,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":217.89117999999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":22.10687999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":34.59897999999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":298.3619,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":118.3619,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441102.770833,"kali_year":5073,"ahargana":1852637.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4521,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":124.367,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":78.9149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9149},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":124.367,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.367},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":169.8191},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.47,"elongation":78.915},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.47,"opposition_distance":101.085}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"19:02","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":13.04467394119098,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:30","moonsetLocal":"00:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.617034492751051,"endHours":9.247618735399923,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:53","end":"12:31","startHours":10.878202978048797,"endHours":12.50878722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:46","startHours":14.139371463346542,"endHours":15.769955705995415,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.030207503046741,"endHours":9.465029967753107,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:32","end":"06:53","startHours":6.529978330985136,"endHours":6.877836302750229,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:57","startHours":12.073964755991303,"endHours":12.943609685404036,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:07","startHours":4.247160391276714,"endHours":5.116805320689447,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:59","startHours":4.899394088336264,"endHours":5.986450250102179,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:33","startHours":14.6828995442295,"endHours":15.552544473642232,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:50","end":"19:14","startHours":18.83112419129316,"endHours":19.23112419129316,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:02","end":"19:34","startHours":19.03112419129316,"endHours":19.574652272176117,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:32","startHours":18.78112419129316,"endHours":20.53112419129316,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:57","startHours":24.073964755991305,"endHours":24.943609685404034,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:59","end":"07:37","startHours":5.986450250102179,"endHours":7.617034492751051,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.617034492751051,"endHours":9.247618735399923,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:15","end":"10:53","startHours":9.247618735399923,"endHours":10.878202978048797,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:53","end":"12:31","startHours":10.878202978048797,"endHours":12.50878722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:31","end":"14:08","startHours":12.50878722069767,"endHours":14.139371463346542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:08","end":"15:46","startHours":14.139371463346542,"endHours":15.769955705995415,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:46","end":"17:24","startHours":15.769955705995415,"endHours":17.400539948644287,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:24","end":"19:02","startHours":17.400539948644287,"endHours":19.03112419129316,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:02","end":"20:24","startHours":19.03112419129316,"endHours":20.400539948644287,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:24","end":"21:46","startHours":20.400539948644287,"endHours":21.769955705995415,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:46","end":"23:08","startHours":21.769955705995415,"endHours":23.139371463346542,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:08","end":"00:31","startHours":23.139371463346542,"endHours":24.50878722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:31","end":"01:53","startHours":24.50878722069767,"endHours":25.878202978048797,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:53","end":"03:15","startHours":25.878202978048797,"endHours":27.247618735399925,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:15","end":"04:37","startHours":27.247618735399925,"endHours":28.617034492751053,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:37","end":"05:59","startHours":28.617034492751053,"endHours":29.98645025010218,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.986450250102179,"endHours":6.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.986450250102179,"endHours":7.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.986450250102179,"endHours":8.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.986450250102179,"endHours":9.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.986450250102179,"endHours":10.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.986450250102179,"endHours":11.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.986450250102179,"endHours":12.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.986450250102179,"endHours":13.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.986450250102179,"endHours":14.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.986450250102179,"endHours":15.986450250102179,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.986450250102179,"endHours":16.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.98645025010218,"endHours":17.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.98645025010218,"endHours":18.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.98645025010218,"endHours":19.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.98645025010218,"endHours":20.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.98645025010218,"endHours":21.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.98645025010218,"endHours":22.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.98645025010218,"endHours":23.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.98645025010218,"endHours":24.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.98645025010218,"endHours":25.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.98645025010218,"endHours":26.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.98645025010218,"endHours":27.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.98645025010218,"endHours":28.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.98645025010218,"endHours":29.98645025010218,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.790098048776024,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":23.4536}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 1971 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 1971 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 19:02.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:33:51.995Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:33:51.995Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T14:33:51.995Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}