{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1971-01-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-01-22","date_display":"January 22, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440973.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852508.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.9154,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":216.0038,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.0883,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.0883},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":216.0038,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6704},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":133.9192},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440973.770833,"ahargana":1852508.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4487,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.90360899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.153409,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4996},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":216.287009,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":254.31430899999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":218.591409,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":231.374009,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":22.687508999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.1969,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.1969,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440973.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852508.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.9154,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":216.0038,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.0883,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.0883},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":216.0038,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6704},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":133.9192},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"elongation":61.912},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"opposition_distance":118.088}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.69,"opposition_distance":1.965}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":11.294339832845365,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 40 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 20 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:52","moonsetLocal":"14:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:20","end":"12:45","startHours":11.330922576033316,"endHours":12.742715055138987,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:34","end":"16:59","startHours":15.566300013350329,"endHours":16.978092492456,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.507337617821976,"endHours":9.919130096927647,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.730891099713556,"endHours":10.107369094141736,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.5661426317515295,"endHours":7.867325027294073,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.36623706071081,"endHours":13.119193049567167,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:21","startHours":5.58963316100359,"endHours":6.342589149859948,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.154350152645859,"endHours":7.0955451387163055,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:23","startHours":14.625105027279883,"endHours":15.37806101613624,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.18988497156167,"endHours":18.58988497156167,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:52","startHours":18.38988497156167,"endHours":18.860482464596895,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.13988497156167,"endHours":19.88988497156167,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.36623706071081,"endHours":25.119193049567166,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.0955451387163055,"endHours":8.507337617821976,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.507337617821976,"endHours":9.919130096927647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.919130096927647,"endHours":11.330922576033316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:20","end":"12:45","startHours":11.330922576033316,"endHours":12.742715055138987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:45","end":"14:09","startHours":12.742715055138987,"endHours":14.154507534244658,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.154507534244658,"endHours":15.566300013350329,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:34","end":"16:59","startHours":15.566300013350329,"endHours":16.978092492456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:59","end":"18:23","startHours":16.978092492456,"endHours":18.38988497156167,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:23","end":"19:59","startHours":18.38988497156167,"endHours":19.978092492456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:59","end":"21:34","startHours":19.978092492456,"endHours":21.56630001335033,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.56630001335033,"endHours":23.154507534244658,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:09","end":"00:45","startHours":23.154507534244658,"endHours":24.742715055138987,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:45","end":"02:20","startHours":24.742715055138987,"endHours":26.330922576033316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.330922576033316,"endHours":27.919130096927645,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.919130096927645,"endHours":29.507337617821975,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.507337617821975,"endHours":31.095545138716304,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.0955451387163055,"endHours":8.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.095545138716306,"endHours":9.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.095545138716306,"endHours":10.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.095545138716306,"endHours":11.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.095545138716306,"endHours":12.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.095545138716306,"endHours":13.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.095545138716306,"endHours":14.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.095545138716306,"endHours":15.095545138716306,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.095545138716306,"endHours":16.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.095545138716304,"endHours":17.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.095545138716304,"endHours":18.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.095545138716304,"endHours":19.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.095545138716304,"endHours":20.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.095545138716304,"endHours":21.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.095545138716304,"endHours":22.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.095545138716304,"endHours":23.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.095545138716304,"endHours":24.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.095545138716304,"endHours":25.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.095545138716304,"endHours":26.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.095545138716304,"endHours":27.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.095545138716304,"endHours":28.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.095545138716304,"endHours":29.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.095545138716304,"endHours":30.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.095545138716304,"endHours":31.095545138716304,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.85599183338873,"eotMinutes":-11.536103308339323,"ayanamsa":23.4487}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 22, 1971 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 22, 1971 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1971-01-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T14:41:05.876Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T14:41:05.876Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T14:41:05.876Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}