{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1968-04-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1968-04-01","date_display":"April 1, 1968 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439947.770833,"kali_year":5069,"ahargana":1851482.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.2105,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.403,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":37.1925,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1925},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.403,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.0697},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":13.6135},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1968,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439947.770833,"ahargana":1851482.2708,"kali_year":5069,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4094,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.97131,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.880510000000015,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.96},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":10.005209999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":327.09340999999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":123.54030999999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":327.3917100000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":352.01821,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":359.5593,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":179.5593,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1968,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439947.770833,"kali_year":5069,"ahargana":1851482.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.2105,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.403,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":37.1925,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1925},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.403,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.0697},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":13.6135},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.96,"elongation":37.192},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.96,"opposition_distance":142.808}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-3,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.926,"elongation":2.583}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:28","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:37","dayLengthHours":12.296883188945824,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:30","moonsetLocal":"21:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:01","end":"09:33","startHours":8.011520405831174,"endHours":9.548630804449402,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:05","end":"12:37","startHours":11.08574120306763,"endHours":12.62285160168586,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.159962000304088,"endHours":15.697072398922312,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:45","startHours":9.343682751300305,"endHours":9.7535788575985,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:19","startHours":6.986780140085689,"endHours":7.314697025124245,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:02","startHours":12.212955495387662,"endHours":13.032747707984052,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:50","end":"05:39","startHours":4.83482558202017,"endHours":5.654617794616558,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:28","startHours":5.449669741467461,"endHours":6.4744100072129465,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:30","startHours":14.67233213317683,"endHours":15.492124345773219,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.57129319615877,"endHours":18.97129319615877,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.77129319615877,"endHours":19.283663329031512,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.52129319615877,"endHours":20.27129319615877,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:02","startHours":24.212955495387664,"endHours":25.032747707984054,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:28","end":"08:01","startHours":6.4744100072129465,"endHours":8.011520405831174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:01","end":"09:33","startHours":8.011520405831174,"endHours":9.548630804449402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:33","end":"11:05","startHours":9.548630804449402,"endHours":11.08574120306763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:05","end":"12:37","startHours":11.08574120306763,"endHours":12.62285160168586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:37","end":"14:10","startHours":12.62285160168586,"endHours":14.159962000304088,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.159962000304088,"endHours":15.697072398922312,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697072398922312,"endHours":17.23418279754054,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:14","end":"18:46","startHours":17.23418279754054,"endHours":18.77129319615877,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:46","end":"20:14","startHours":18.77129319615877,"endHours":20.23418279754054,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.23418279754054,"endHours":21.697072398922312,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.697072398922312,"endHours":23.159962000304084,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:10","end":"00:37","startHours":23.159962000304084,"endHours":24.62285160168586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:37","end":"02:05","startHours":24.62285160168586,"endHours":26.085741203067627,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:05","end":"03:33","startHours":26.085741203067627,"endHours":27.548630804449402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:33","end":"05:01","startHours":27.548630804449402,"endHours":29.011520405831174,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:01","end":"06:28","startHours":29.011520405831174,"endHours":30.474410007212946,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.4744100072129465,"endHours":7.4744100072129465,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.4744100072129465,"endHours":8.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.474410007212946,"endHours":9.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.474410007212946,"endHours":10.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.474410007212946,"endHours":11.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.474410007212946,"endHours":12.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.474410007212946,"endHours":13.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.474410007212946,"endHours":14.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.474410007212946,"endHours":15.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.474410007212946,"endHours":16.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.474410007212946,"endHours":17.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.474410007212946,"endHours":18.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.474410007212946,"endHours":19.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.474410007212946,"endHours":20.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.474410007212946,"endHours":21.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.474410007212946,"endHours":22.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.474410007212946,"endHours":23.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.474410007212946,"endHours":24.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.474410007212946,"endHours":25.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.474410007212946,"endHours":26.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.474410007212946,"endHours":27.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.474410007212946,"endHours":28.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.474410007212946,"endHours":29.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":29.474410007212946,"endHours":30.474410007212946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.501400956436484,"eotMinutes":-4.344296101151456,"ayanamsa":23.4094}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2025,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1890,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1375,"malayalam_era":1144,"nanakshahi_year":499,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2025 Durmati · Śaka 1890 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 1, 1968 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 1, 1968 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:28, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1968-04-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T11:31:31.830Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T11:31:31.830Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T11:31:31.830Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}