{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1965-10-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1965-10-24","date_display":"October 24, 1965 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439057.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850592.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":186.4195,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":181.0388,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":354.6192,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.6192},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":181.0388,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7054},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.4583},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439057.770833,"ahargana":1850592.2708,"kali_year":5067,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3754,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":187.048814,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.959114,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2177},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":231.301014,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":204.06401400000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":68.53991400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.272114,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":318.19261400000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":46.7158,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":226.7158,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439057.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850592.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":186.4195,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":181.0388,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":354.6192,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.6192},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":181.0388,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7054},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.4583},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.218,"elongation":5.381},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.218,"opposition_distance":174.619}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"18:06","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.646827036704217,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:57","moonsetLocal":"17:40","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:39","end":"18:06","startHours":16.648797637405913,"endHours":18.10465101699394,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:17","end":"13:44","startHours":12.281237498641833,"endHours":13.73709087822986,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:12","end":"16:39","startHours":15.192944257817889,"endHours":16.648797637405913,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:34","startHours":9.17541695552071,"endHours":9.56364452341085,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:15","startHours":6.943108440152401,"endHours":7.2536904944645135,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:40","startHours":11.893009930751692,"endHours":12.669465066531973,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:54","end":"05:41","startHours":4.904913708729163,"endHours":5.681368844509445,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:29","end":"06:27","startHours":5.487255060564374,"endHours":6.457823980289725,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"15:00","startHours":14.222375338092537,"endHours":14.998830473872818,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:54","end":"18:18","startHours":17.90465101699394,"endHours":18.30465101699394,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:06","end":"18:35","startHours":18.10465101699394,"endHours":18.589935476856617,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:51","end":"19:36","startHours":17.85465101699394,"endHours":19.60465101699394,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:40","startHours":23.893009930751692,"endHours":24.669465066531973,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:27","end":"07:55","startHours":6.457823980289725,"endHours":7.913677359877752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:55","end":"09:22","startHours":7.913677359877752,"endHours":9.36953073946578,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.36953073946578,"endHours":10.825384119053806,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.825384119053806,"endHours":12.281237498641833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:17","end":"13:44","startHours":12.281237498641833,"endHours":13.73709087822986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:44","end":"15:12","startHours":13.73709087822986,"endHours":15.192944257817889,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:12","end":"16:39","startHours":15.192944257817889,"endHours":16.648797637405913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:39","end":"18:06","startHours":16.648797637405913,"endHours":18.10465101699394,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:06","end":"19:39","startHours":18.10465101699394,"endHours":19.648797637405913,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:39","end":"21:12","startHours":19.648797637405913,"endHours":21.192944257817885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:12","end":"22:44","startHours":21.192944257817885,"endHours":22.73709087822986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:44","end":"00:17","startHours":22.73709087822986,"endHours":24.281237498641833,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.281237498641833,"endHours":25.825384119053805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:50","end":"03:22","startHours":25.825384119053805,"endHours":27.36953073946578,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:22","end":"04:55","startHours":27.36953073946578,"endHours":28.913677359877752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:55","end":"06:27","startHours":28.913677359877752,"endHours":30.457823980289724,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.457823980289725,"endHours":7.457823980289725,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.457823980289725,"endHours":8.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.457823980289724,"endHours":9.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.457823980289724,"endHours":10.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.457823980289724,"endHours":11.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.457823980289724,"endHours":12.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.457823980289724,"endHours":13.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.457823980289724,"endHours":14.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.457823980289724,"endHours":15.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.457823980289724,"endHours":16.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.457823980289724,"endHours":17.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.457823980289724,"endHours":18.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.457823980289724,"endHours":19.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.457823980289724,"endHours":20.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.457823980289724,"endHours":21.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.457823980289724,"endHours":22.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.457823980289724,"endHours":23.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.457823980289724,"endHours":24.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.457823980289724,"endHours":25.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.457823980289724,"endHours":26.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.457823980289724,"endHours":27.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.457823980289724,"endHours":28.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.457823980289724,"endHours":29.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.457823980289724,"endHours":30.457823980289724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-11.61948342924827,"eotMinutes":16.152550081490062,"ayanamsa":23.3754}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2022,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1887,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1372,"malayalam_era":1141,"nanakshahi_year":496,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2022 Kālayukta · Śaka 1887 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"diwali","name":"Dīpāvalī (Diwali)","name_sanskrit":"दीपावली","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Lakshmi-Mata","significance":"Lakshmi-Pūjā night; festival of lights; Rāma's return to Ayodhyā.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":30,"lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":1},{"id":"lakshmi-puja","name":"Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali main day)","name_sanskrit":"लक्ष्मी पूजा","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Mahā-Lakṣmī","significance":"Mahā-Lakṣmī Pūjā on Kārtika Amāvasyā; Diwali main day.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Pradoṣa-time Lakṣmī-pūjā in cleaned home; deepa-mālā lighting.","detection":{"tithi_number":30,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":1}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 24, 1965 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 24, 1965 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 18:06.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:55:51.303Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:55:51.303Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:55:51.303Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}