{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1965-10-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1965-10-20","date_display":"October 20, 1965 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439053.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850588.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.4277,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":123.8325,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.4048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4048},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":123.8325,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8325},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":306.2602},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439053.770833,"ahargana":1850588.2708,"kali_year":5067,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3753,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":183.06796699999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":122.89236699999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3827},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.38676699999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":198.08836699999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":68.573867,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":228.82086700000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":318.348167,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":46.9278,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":226.9278,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2439053.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850588.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.4277,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":123.8325,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.4048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.4048},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":123.8325,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8325},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":306.2602},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.383,"elongation":58.595},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.383,"opposition_distance":121.405}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.70515755116294,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:59","moonsetLocal":"14:35","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:17","end":"13:45","startHours":12.28883214592948,"endHours":13.751976839824845,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:54","end":"09:22","startHours":7.899398064243376,"endHours":9.362542758138744,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.82568745203411,"endHours":12.28883214592948,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:33","startHours":9.167456798952694,"endHours":9.557628717324793,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:55","end":"07:14","startHours":6.92396826831313,"endHours":7.236105803010808,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:41","startHours":11.89866022755738,"endHours":12.679004064301578,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:39","startHours":4.875565696859616,"endHours":5.655909533603812,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:26","startHours":5.460823574417763,"endHours":6.436253370348008,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"15:01","startHours":14.239691737789968,"endHours":15.020035574534164,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.94141092151095,"endHours":18.34141092151095,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:38","startHours":18.14141092151095,"endHours":18.629125819476073,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.89141092151095,"endHours":19.64141092151095,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:41","startHours":23.898660227557382,"endHours":24.679004064301576,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:26","end":"07:54","startHours":6.436253370348008,"endHours":7.899398064243376,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:54","end":"09:22","startHours":7.899398064243376,"endHours":9.362542758138744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.362542758138744,"endHours":10.82568745203411,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.82568745203411,"endHours":12.28883214592948,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:17","end":"13:45","startHours":12.28883214592948,"endHours":13.751976839824845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:45","end":"15:13","startHours":13.751976839824845,"endHours":15.215121533720215,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:13","end":"16:41","startHours":15.215121533720215,"endHours":16.67826622761558,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:41","end":"18:08","startHours":16.67826622761558,"endHours":18.14141092151095,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:08","end":"19:41","startHours":18.14141092151095,"endHours":19.67826622761558,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:41","end":"21:13","startHours":19.67826622761558,"endHours":21.215121533720215,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:13","end":"22:45","startHours":21.215121533720215,"endHours":22.75197683982485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:45","end":"00:17","startHours":22.75197683982485,"endHours":24.28883214592948,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.28883214592948,"endHours":25.82568745203411,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:50","end":"03:22","startHours":25.82568745203411,"endHours":27.362542758138744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:22","end":"04:54","startHours":27.362542758138744,"endHours":28.89939806424338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:54","end":"06:26","startHours":28.89939806424338,"endHours":30.43625337034801,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.436253370348008,"endHours":7.436253370348008,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.436253370348008,"endHours":8.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.436253370348009,"endHours":9.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.436253370348009,"endHours":10.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.436253370348009,"endHours":11.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.436253370348009,"endHours":12.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.436253370348009,"endHours":13.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.436253370348009,"endHours":14.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.436253370348009,"endHours":15.436253370348009,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.436253370348009,"endHours":16.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.43625337034801,"endHours":17.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.43625337034801,"endHours":18.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.43625337034801,"endHours":19.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.43625337034801,"endHours":20.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.43625337034801,"endHours":21.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.43625337034801,"endHours":22.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.43625337034801,"endHours":23.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.43625337034801,"endHours":24.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.43625337034801,"endHours":25.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.43625337034801,"endHours":26.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.43625337034801,"endHours":27.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.43625337034801,"endHours":28.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.43625337034801,"endHours":29.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.43625337034801,"endHours":30.43625337034801,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-10.201751072299816,"eotMinutes":15.696871244231174,"ayanamsa":23.3753}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2022,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1887,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1372,"malayalam_era":1141,"nanakshahi_year":496,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2022 Kālayukta · Śaka 1887 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"utpanna-ekadashi","name":"Utpannā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"उत्पन्ना एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Ekādaśī Devī (born of Viṣṇu)","significance":"Birth-day of Ekādaśī Devī herself; first Ekādaśī observed historically.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 20, 1965 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 20, 1965 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-10-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T22:14:10.993Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T22:14:10.993Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T22:14:10.993Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}