{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1965-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1965-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 1965 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438896.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850431.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.6585,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":219.9265,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.268,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.268},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":219.9265,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5931},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":251.5849},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1965,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438896.770833,"ahargana":1850431.2708,"kali_year":5067,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3693,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.601966000000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":218.05066599999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.1878},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":139.56316600000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":7.607965999999976,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.68086599999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":40.98566599999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":323.03086600000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":55.2464,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":235.2464,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1965,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438896.770833,"kali_year":5067,"ahargana":1850431.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.6585,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":219.9265,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.268,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.268},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":219.9265,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5931},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":251.5849},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.188,"elongation":171.732},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.188,"opposition_distance":8.268}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.599,"elongation":0.817}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:02","sunsetLocal":"18:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.914582789982234,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:18","moonsetLocal":"06:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:20","end":"18:57","startHours":17.331027630263545,"endHours":18.945350479011324,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.488059084020207,"endHours":14.102381932767987,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:20","startHours":15.716704781515766,"endHours":17.331027630263545,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:28","startHours":9.044170340024944,"endHours":9.474656433024354,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:34","end":"06:55","startHours":6.56887530527835,"endHours":6.913264179677877,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:55","startHours":12.0575729910208,"endHours":12.918545177019615,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:19","end":"05:10","startHours":4.308823317031459,"endHours":5.169795503030275,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:57","end":"06:02","startHours":4.954552456530571,"endHours":6.030767689029091,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:30","startHours":14.640489549017246,"endHours":15.501461735016061,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:45","end":"19:09","startHours":18.745350479011325,"endHours":19.145350479011324,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:57","end":"19:29","startHours":18.945350479011324,"endHours":19.483458095260584,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:42","end":"20:27","startHours":18.695350479011324,"endHours":20.445350479011324,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:55","startHours":24.0575729910208,"endHours":24.918545177019617,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:02","end":"07:39","startHours":6.030767689029091,"endHours":7.64509053777687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:39","end":"09:16","startHours":7.64509053777687,"endHours":9.259413386524649,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:16","end":"10:52","startHours":9.259413386524649,"endHours":10.873736235272428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.873736235272428,"endHours":12.488059084020207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.488059084020207,"endHours":14.102381932767987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:06","end":"15:43","startHours":14.102381932767987,"endHours":15.716704781515766,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:43","end":"17:20","startHours":15.716704781515766,"endHours":17.331027630263545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:20","end":"18:57","startHours":17.331027630263545,"endHours":18.945350479011324,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:57","end":"20:20","startHours":18.945350479011324,"endHours":20.331027630263545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:20","end":"21:43","startHours":20.331027630263545,"endHours":21.716704781515766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:43","end":"23:06","startHours":21.716704781515766,"endHours":23.102381932767987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:06","end":"00:29","startHours":23.102381932767987,"endHours":24.488059084020207,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:29","end":"01:52","startHours":24.488059084020207,"endHours":25.87373623527243,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:52","end":"03:16","startHours":25.87373623527243,"endHours":27.25941338652465,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:16","end":"04:39","startHours":27.25941338652465,"endHours":28.64509053777687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:39","end":"06:02","startHours":28.64509053777687,"endHours":30.03076768902909,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.030767689029091,"endHours":7.030767689029091,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.030767689029091,"endHours":8.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.03076768902909,"endHours":9.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.03076768902909,"endHours":10.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.03076768902909,"endHours":11.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.03076768902909,"endHours":12.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.03076768902909,"endHours":13.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.03076768902909,"endHours":14.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.03076768902909,"endHours":15.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.03076768902909,"endHours":16.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.03076768902909,"endHours":17.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.03076768902909,"endHours":18.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.03076768902909,"endHours":19.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.03076768902909,"endHours":20.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.03076768902909,"endHours":21.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.03076768902909,"endHours":22.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.03076768902909,"endHours":23.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.03076768902909,"endHours":24.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.03076768902909,"endHours":25.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.03076768902909,"endHours":26.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.03076768902909,"endHours":27.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.03076768902909,"endHours":28.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.03076768902909,"endHours":29.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.03076768902909,"endHours":30.03076768902909,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.007317598978922,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":23.3693}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2022,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1887,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1372,"malayalam_era":1141,"nanakshahi_year":496,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2022 Kālayukta · Śaka 1887 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"narada-jayanti","name":"Bhagavān Nārada Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"भगवान् नारद जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Devarṣi Nārada (ādi-bhakta · Vyāsa's guru)","significance":"Manifestation of Devarṣi Nārada — ādi-bhakta and tri-loka-saṅcāri who instructed Vyāsa to compose Śrīmad Bhāgavata. Without Nārada, no Bhāgavata; without Bhāgavata, no Krishna-tattva-pratiṣṭhā in Kali Yuga. Falls on Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pratipadā (day after Buddha Pūrṇimā).","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Recitation of Nārada-Bhakti-Sūtra; meditation on Krishna as taught by Nārada to Vyāsa (Bhāgavata 1.5)","detection":{"tithi_number":16,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_system":"amanta"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.5-6 (Nārada-Vyāsa-saṁvāda)","Nārada-Bhakti-Sūtra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 1965 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 1965 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:02, sūryāsta 18:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1965-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:14:10.777Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:14:10.777Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T21:14:10.777Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}