{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1961-07-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1961-07-23","date_display":"July 23, 1961 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437503.770833,"kali_year":5063,"ahargana":1849038.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.2469,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.1882,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.9413,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9413},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.1882,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8549},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.4351},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437503.770833,"ahargana":1849038.2708,"kali_year":5063,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.316,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.63808900000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":211.76838899999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4837},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":141.645489,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":77.31468900000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":279.903289,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":54.22688900000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":273.616089,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":129.0542,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":309.0542,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1961,"month":7,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437503.770833,"kali_year":5063,"ahargana":1849038.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.2469,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.1882,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.9413,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9413},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.1882,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8549},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.4351},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.484,"elongation":117.941},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.484,"opposition_distance":62.059}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:10","sunsetLocal":"19:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.967725903004599,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:41","moonsetLocal":"01:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:08","startHours":17.51555951568417,"endHours":19.136525253559746,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.652662302057447,"endHours":14.273628039933023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:31","startHours":15.894593777808595,"endHours":17.51555951568417,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:38","startHours":9.19460206125622,"endHours":9.626859591356373,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:03","startHours":6.7091212631803385,"endHours":7.054927287260461,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.220404771957293,"endHours":13.0849198321576,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:18","startHours":4.439769230154534,"endHours":5.30428429035484,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:10","startHours":5.088155525304764,"endHours":6.168799350555147,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:41","startHours":14.813949952558211,"endHours":15.678465012758517,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:56","end":"19:20","startHours":18.936525253559747,"endHours":19.336525253559746,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:08","end":"19:41","startHours":19.136525253559746,"endHours":19.67684716618494,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:38","startHours":18.886525253559746,"endHours":20.636525253559746,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.220404771957295,"endHours":25.0849198321576,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:10","end":"07:47","startHours":6.168799350555147,"endHours":7.7897650884307215,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:47","end":"09:25","startHours":7.7897650884307215,"endHours":9.410730826306295,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:25","end":"11:02","startHours":9.410730826306295,"endHours":11.031696564181871,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:02","end":"12:39","startHours":11.031696564181871,"endHours":12.652662302057447,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.652662302057447,"endHours":14.273628039933023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.273628039933023,"endHours":15.894593777808595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:54","end":"17:31","startHours":15.894593777808595,"endHours":17.51555951568417,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:31","end":"19:08","startHours":17.51555951568417,"endHours":19.136525253559746,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:08","end":"20:31","startHours":19.136525253559746,"endHours":20.51555951568417,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:31","end":"21:54","startHours":20.51555951568417,"endHours":21.894593777808595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:54","end":"23:16","startHours":21.894593777808595,"endHours":23.273628039933023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.273628039933023,"endHours":24.652662302057447,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:39","end":"02:02","startHours":24.652662302057447,"endHours":26.03169656418187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:02","end":"03:25","startHours":26.03169656418187,"endHours":27.4107308263063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:25","end":"04:47","startHours":27.4107308263063,"endHours":28.789765088430723,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:47","end":"06:10","startHours":28.789765088430723,"endHours":30.168799350555147,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":6.168799350555147,"endHours":7.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.168799350555147,"endHours":8.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.168799350555147,"endHours":9.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.168799350555147,"endHours":10.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.168799350555147,"endHours":11.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.168799350555147,"endHours":12.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.168799350555147,"endHours":13.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.168799350555147,"endHours":14.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.168799350555147,"endHours":15.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.168799350555147,"endHours":16.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.168799350555147,"endHours":17.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.168799350555147,"endHours":18.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.168799350555147,"endHours":19.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.168799350555147,"endHours":20.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.168799350555147,"endHours":21.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.168799350555147,"endHours":22.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.168799350555147,"endHours":23.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.168799350555147,"endHours":24.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.168799350555147,"endHours":25.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.168799350555147,"endHours":26.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.168799350555147,"endHours":27.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.168799350555147,"endHours":28.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.168799350555147,"endHours":29.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.168799350555147,"endHours":30.168799350555147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.15772539713939,"eotMinutes":-6.132938123446804,"ayanamsa":23.316}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2018,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1883,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1368,"malayalam_era":1137,"nanakshahi_year":492,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2018 Ānanda · Śaka 1883 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 23, 1961 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 23, 1961 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:10, sūryāsta 19:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1961-07-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:43:07.631Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:43:07.631Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T11:43:07.631Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}