{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1960-04-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1960-04-13","date_display":"April 13, 1960 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1960,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437037.770833,"kali_year":5061,"ahargana":1848572.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":0.0462,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":194.2978,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2516,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2516},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":194.2978,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6311},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":194.3439},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1960,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437037.770833,"ahargana":1848572.2708,"kali_year":5061,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.2982,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":359.819493,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.70549300000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9239},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":315.53429299999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":333.339293,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":250.94689300000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":341.714893,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":265.5218930000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.7451,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.7451,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1960,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2437037.770833,"kali_year":5061,"ahargana":1848572.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":0.0462,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":194.2978,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2516,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2516},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":194.2978,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6311},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":194.3439},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.924,"elongation":165.748},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.924,"opposition_distance":14.252}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.557,"elongation":1.583}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":12.480178249744624,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:53","moonsetLocal":"07:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:34","end":"14:07","startHours":12.563276847161738,"endHours":14.123299128379816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:53","end":"09:27","startHours":7.8832100035075054,"endHours":9.443232284725584,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:00","end":"12:34","startHours":11.00325456594366,"endHours":12.563276847161738,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:39","startHours":9.235229313896506,"endHours":9.65123525555466,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.84319514936212,"endHours":7.175999902688643,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:59","startHours":12.147270905503584,"endHours":12.979282788819893,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:40","end":"05:29","startHours":4.659163955656811,"endHours":5.491175838973119,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.283172868144042,"endHours":6.323187722289427,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:29","startHours":14.64330655545251,"endHours":15.475318438768818,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:36","end":"19:00","startHours":18.60336597203405,"endHours":19.00336597203405,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:48","end":"19:19","startHours":18.80336597203405,"endHours":19.323373399106742,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:33","end":"20:18","startHours":18.55336597203405,"endHours":20.30336597203405,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:59","startHours":24.147270905503586,"endHours":24.97928278881989,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:19","end":"07:53","startHours":6.323187722289427,"endHours":7.8832100035075054,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:53","end":"09:27","startHours":7.8832100035075054,"endHours":9.443232284725584,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"11:00","startHours":9.443232284725584,"endHours":11.00325456594366,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:00","end":"12:34","startHours":11.00325456594366,"endHours":12.563276847161738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:34","end":"14:07","startHours":12.563276847161738,"endHours":14.123299128379816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.123299128379816,"endHours":15.683321409597895,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.683321409597895,"endHours":17.243343690815973,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:15","end":"18:48","startHours":17.243343690815973,"endHours":18.80336597203405,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:48","end":"20:15","startHours":18.80336597203405,"endHours":20.243343690815973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:15","end":"21:41","startHours":20.243343690815973,"endHours":21.683321409597895,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:41","end":"23:07","startHours":21.683321409597895,"endHours":23.123299128379816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:34","startHours":23.123299128379816,"endHours":24.563276847161738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:34","end":"02:00","startHours":24.563276847161738,"endHours":26.00325456594366,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:00","end":"03:27","startHours":26.00325456594366,"endHours":27.443232284725582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:27","end":"04:53","startHours":27.443232284725582,"endHours":28.883210003507507,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:53","end":"06:19","startHours":28.883210003507507,"endHours":30.323187722289425,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.323187722289427,"endHours":7.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.323187722289427,"endHours":8.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.323187722289427,"endHours":9.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.323187722289427,"endHours":10.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.323187722289427,"endHours":11.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.323187722289427,"endHours":12.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.323187722289427,"endHours":13.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.323187722289427,"endHours":14.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.323187722289427,"endHours":15.323187722289427,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.323187722289427,"endHours":16.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.323187722289425,"endHours":17.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.323187722289425,"endHours":18.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.323187722289425,"endHours":19.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.323187722289425,"endHours":20.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.323187722289425,"endHours":21.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.323187722289425,"endHours":22.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.323187722289425,"endHours":23.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.323187722289425,"endHours":24.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.323187722289425,"endHours":25.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.323187722289425,"endHours":26.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.323187722289425,"endHours":27.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.323187722289425,"endHours":28.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.323187722289425,"endHours":29.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.323187722289425,"endHours":30.323187722289425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.983972615032945,"eotMinutes":-0.7698108297043191,"ayanamsa":23.2982}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2017,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramādī","saka_samvat":1882,"saka_samvatsara":"Śārvarī","bengali_samvat":1367,"malayalam_era":1136,"nanakshahi_year":491,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2017 Pramādī · Śaka 1882 Śārvarī"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 13, 1960 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 13, 1960 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1960-04-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T03:58:12.429Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T03:58:12.429Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T03:58:12.429Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}