{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1959-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1959-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 1959 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1959,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2436655.770833,"kali_year":5060,"ahargana":1848190.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.603,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":205.3135,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":221.7106,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7106},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":205.3135,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.3135},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":188.9165},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1959,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2436655.770833,"ahargana":1848190.2708,"kali_year":5060,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.2835,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.334988,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":207.88528799999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.338},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":59.940788,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":346.605888,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":219.15398800000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":15.936388000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":253.97188800000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":173.9853,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":353.9853,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1959,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2436655.770833,"kali_year":5060,"ahargana":1848190.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.603,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":205.3135,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":221.7106,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7106},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":205.3135,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.3135},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":188.9165},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.338,"elongation":138.289},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.338,"opposition_distance":41.711}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-3,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.947,"opposition_distance":1.351},{"offset_days":11,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.096,"elongation":0.192}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:32","sunsetLocal":"18:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.221319844997037,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 13 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 46 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:57","moonsetLocal":"09:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:35","end":"11:07","startHours":9.588785745524103,"endHours":11.11645072614873,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.171780687397991,"endHours":15.69944566802262,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:32","end":"08:04","startHours":6.533455784274842,"endHours":8.061120764899472,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:23","end":"09:48","startHours":9.385097081440819,"endHours":9.792474409607387,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:03","end":"07:22","startHours":7.042677444483052,"endHours":7.368579307016307,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"13:03","startHours":12.236738378606793,"endHours":13.051493034939929,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:54","end":"05:43","startHours":4.90394647160857,"endHours":5.718701127941706,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:31","end":"06:32","startHours":5.515012463858422,"endHours":6.533455784274842,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:30","startHours":14.681002347606201,"endHours":15.495757003939337,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:33","end":"18:57","startHours":18.55477562927188,"endHours":18.95477562927188,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:45","end":"19:16","startHours":18.75477562927188,"endHours":19.263997289480088,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:30","end":"20:15","startHours":18.50477562927188,"endHours":20.25477562927188,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"01:03","startHours":24.236738378606795,"endHours":25.05149303493993,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:32","end":"08:04","startHours":6.533455784274842,"endHours":8.061120764899472,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:04","end":"09:35","startHours":8.061120764899472,"endHours":9.588785745524103,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:35","end":"11:07","startHours":9.588785745524103,"endHours":11.11645072614873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:07","end":"12:39","startHours":11.11645072614873,"endHours":12.644115706773361,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:39","end":"14:10","startHours":12.644115706773361,"endHours":14.171780687397991,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.171780687397991,"endHours":15.69944566802262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.69944566802262,"endHours":17.227110648647248,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:45","startHours":17.227110648647248,"endHours":18.75477562927188,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:45","end":"20:14","startHours":18.75477562927188,"endHours":20.22711064864725,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.22711064864725,"endHours":21.69944566802262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.69944566802262,"endHours":23.17178068739799,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:10","end":"00:39","startHours":23.17178068739799,"endHours":24.644115706773363,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:39","end":"02:07","startHours":24.644115706773363,"endHours":26.11645072614873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:07","end":"03:35","startHours":26.11645072614873,"endHours":27.588785745524103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:35","end":"05:04","startHours":27.588785745524103,"endHours":29.06112076489947,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:04","end":"06:32","startHours":29.06112076489947,"endHours":30.533455784274842,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":6.533455784274842,"endHours":7.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.533455784274842,"endHours":8.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.533455784274842,"endHours":9.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.533455784274842,"endHours":10.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.533455784274842,"endHours":11.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.533455784274842,"endHours":12.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.533455784274842,"endHours":13.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.533455784274842,"endHours":14.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.533455784274842,"endHours":15.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.533455784274842,"endHours":16.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.533455784274842,"endHours":17.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.533455784274842,"endHours":18.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.533455784274842,"endHours":19.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.533455784274842,"endHours":20.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.533455784274842,"endHours":21.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.533455784274842,"endHours":22.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.533455784274842,"endHours":23.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.533455784274842,"endHours":24.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.533455784274842,"endHours":25.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.533455784274842,"endHours":26.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.533455784274842,"endHours":27.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.533455784274842,"endHours":28.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.533455784274842,"endHours":29.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":29.533455784274842,"endHours":30.533455784274842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.6274579808942056,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":23.2835}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2016,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1881,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1366,"malayalam_era":1135,"nanakshahi_year":490,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2016 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1881 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 1959 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 1959 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:32, sūryāsta 18:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1959-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:33:15.979Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:33:15.979Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T00:33:15.979Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}