{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1955-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1955-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 1955 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1955,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2435135.770833,"kali_year":5056,"ahargana":1846670.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2046,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.5109,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.3064,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3064},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.5109,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1776},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.7155},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1955,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2435135.770833,"ahargana":1846670.2708,"kali_year":5056,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.2254,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.1104640000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.11646399999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.417},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":346.599464,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":303.198664,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":89.97596399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":237.815964,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":207.39856399999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":254.5223,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":74.5223,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1955,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2435135.770833,"kali_year":5056,"ahargana":1846670.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2046,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.5109,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.3064,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3064},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.5109,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1776},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.7155},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.417,"elongation":49.306},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.417,"opposition_distance":130.694}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:46","dayLengthHours":11.35722978581039,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 21 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 38 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:01","moonsetLocal":"22:03","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:21","end":"12:46","startHours":11.347036810688135,"endHours":12.766690533914431,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:36","end":"17:02","startHours":15.605997980367029,"endHours":17.02565170359333,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:56","startHours":8.507729364235537,"endHours":9.927383087461834,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:07","startHours":9.738095924364995,"endHours":10.116670250558675,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.561293548751337,"endHours":7.86415300970628,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:23","end":"13:09","startHours":12.388116207720751,"endHours":13.145264860108112,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:20","startHours":5.573778336234519,"endHours":6.330926988621878,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:05","startHours":6.141639825525038,"endHours":7.088075641009238,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:25","startHours":14.65956216488283,"endHours":15.41671081727019,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:15","end":"18:39","startHours":18.245305426819627,"endHours":18.645305426819625,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:27","end":"18:55","startHours":18.445305426819626,"endHours":18.918523334561726,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:57","startHours":18.195305426819626,"endHours":19.945305426819626,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:23","end":"01:09","startHours":24.388116207720753,"endHours":25.14526486010811,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.088075641009238,"endHours":8.507729364235537,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:30","end":"09:56","startHours":8.507729364235537,"endHours":9.927383087461834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:56","end":"11:21","startHours":9.927383087461834,"endHours":11.347036810688135,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:21","end":"12:46","startHours":11.347036810688135,"endHours":12.766690533914431,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:46","end":"14:11","startHours":12.766690533914431,"endHours":14.186344257140732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:11","end":"15:36","startHours":14.186344257140732,"endHours":15.605997980367029,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:36","end":"17:02","startHours":15.605997980367029,"endHours":17.02565170359333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:02","end":"18:27","startHours":17.02565170359333,"endHours":18.445305426819626,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:27","end":"20:02","startHours":18.445305426819626,"endHours":20.025651703593326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:02","end":"21:36","startHours":20.025651703593326,"endHours":21.60599798036703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:36","end":"23:11","startHours":21.60599798036703,"endHours":23.186344257140732,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:11","end":"00:46","startHours":23.186344257140732,"endHours":24.76669053391443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:46","end":"02:21","startHours":24.76669053391443,"endHours":26.34703681068813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:21","end":"03:56","startHours":26.34703681068813,"endHours":27.927383087461834,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:56","end":"05:30","startHours":27.927383087461834,"endHours":29.507729364235537,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.507729364235537,"endHours":31.088075641009237,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.088075641009238,"endHours":8.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.088075641009237,"endHours":9.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.088075641009237,"endHours":10.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.088075641009237,"endHours":11.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.088075641009237,"endHours":12.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.088075641009237,"endHours":13.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.088075641009237,"endHours":14.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.088075641009237,"endHours":15.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.088075641009237,"endHours":16.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.088075641009237,"endHours":17.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.088075641009237,"endHours":18.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.088075641009237,"endHours":19.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.088075641009237,"endHours":20.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.088075641009237,"endHours":21.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.088075641009237,"endHours":22.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.088075641009237,"endHours":23.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.088075641009237,"endHours":24.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.088075641009237,"endHours":25.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.088075641009237,"endHours":26.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.088075641009237,"endHours":27.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.088075641009237,"endHours":28.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.088075641009237,"endHours":29.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.088075641009237,"endHours":30.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.088075641009237,"endHours":31.088075641009237,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.43536744100781,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.2254}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2012,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1877,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1362,"malayalam_era":1131,"nanakshahi_year":486,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2012 Kīlaka · Śaka 1877 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 1955 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 1955 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1955-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T16:30:34.160Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T16:30:34.160Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T16:30:34.160Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}