{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1949-03-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1949-03-16","date_display":"March 16, 1949 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432991.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844526.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.2812,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":168.5815,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.3003,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3003},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3,"moon_longitude":168.5815,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5815},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":140.8628},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1949,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432991.770833,"ahargana":1844526.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1434,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.98528,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":169.74508000000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5037},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":332.98198,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":309.97808,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":274.18868,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":324.59128,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":128.26358,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":8.1217,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1217,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432991.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844526.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.2812,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":168.5815,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.3003,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3003},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3,"moon_longitude":168.5815,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5815},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":140.8628},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.504,"elongation":163.7},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.504,"opposition_distance":16.3}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":12.03854436485317,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:57","moonsetLocal":"07:50","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:42","end":"14:13","startHours":12.706440002357766,"endHours":14.21125804796441,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:12","end":"09:42","startHours":8.191985865537827,"endHours":9.696803911144473,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:12","end":"12:42","startHours":11.201621956751119,"endHours":12.706440002357766,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:54","startHours":9.496161505063586,"endHours":9.89744631722536,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:31","startHours":7.188773835133396,"endHours":7.509801684862813,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:06","startHours":12.305155190195991,"endHours":13.107724814519537,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:05","end":"05:53","startHours":5.082028571284091,"endHours":5.884598195607635,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":5.68395578952675,"endHours":6.68716781993118,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:31","startHours":14.712864063166627,"endHours":15.515433687490171,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.52571218478435,"endHours":18.92571218478435,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:14","startHours":18.72571218478435,"endHours":19.227318199986566,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.47571218478435,"endHours":20.22571218478435,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:06","startHours":24.305155190195993,"endHours":25.10772481451954,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:41","end":"08:12","startHours":6.68716781993118,"endHours":8.191985865537827,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:12","end":"09:42","startHours":8.191985865537827,"endHours":9.696803911144473,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:42","end":"11:12","startHours":9.696803911144473,"endHours":11.201621956751119,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:12","end":"12:42","startHours":11.201621956751119,"endHours":12.706440002357766,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:42","end":"14:13","startHours":12.706440002357766,"endHours":14.21125804796441,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:13","end":"15:43","startHours":14.21125804796441,"endHours":15.716076093571058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.716076093571058,"endHours":17.220894139177705,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:13","end":"18:44","startHours":17.220894139177705,"endHours":18.72571218478435,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:44","end":"20:13","startHours":18.72571218478435,"endHours":20.2208941391777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.2208941391777,"endHours":21.716076093571058,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:43","end":"23:13","startHours":21.716076093571058,"endHours":23.21125804796441,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:13","end":"00:42","startHours":23.21125804796441,"endHours":24.706440002357766,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:42","end":"02:12","startHours":24.706440002357766,"endHours":26.20162195675112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:12","end":"03:42","startHours":26.20162195675112,"endHours":27.69680391114447,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:42","end":"05:12","startHours":27.69680391114447,"endHours":29.191985865537823,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:12","end":"06:41","startHours":29.191985865537823,"endHours":30.68716781993118,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.68716781993118,"endHours":7.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.68716781993118,"endHours":8.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.68716781993118,"endHours":9.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.68716781993118,"endHours":10.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.68716781993118,"endHours":11.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.68716781993118,"endHours":12.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.68716781993118,"endHours":13.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.68716781993118,"endHours":14.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.68716781993118,"endHours":15.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.68716781993118,"endHours":16.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.68716781993118,"endHours":17.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.68716781993118,"endHours":18.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.68716781993118,"endHours":19.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.68716781993118,"endHours":20.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.68716781993118,"endHours":21.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.68716781993118,"endHours":22.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.68716781993118,"endHours":23.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.68716781993118,"endHours":24.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.68716781993118,"endHours":25.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.68716781993118,"endHours":26.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.68716781993118,"endHours":27.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.68716781993118,"endHours":28.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.68716781993118,"endHours":29.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.68716781993118,"endHours":30.68716781993118,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.9355168585579519,"eotMinutes":-9.359600141465874,"ayanamsa":23.1434}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2006,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1871,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1356,"malayalam_era":1125,"nanakshahi_year":480,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2006 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1871 Virodhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 16, 1949 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 16, 1949 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1949-03-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:39:22.960Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:39:22.960Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:39:22.960Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}