{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1948-11-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-11-20","date_display":"November 20, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432875.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":214.0441,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.2213,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":220.1772,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1772},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.2213,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5546},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":288.2654},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432875.770833,"ahargana":1844410.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.139,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":214.49741199999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.69391200000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8943},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.42231200000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":202.40461200000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":249.16241200000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":180.25661200000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":132.68221200000005,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.2679,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.2679,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432875.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":214.0441,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.2213,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":220.1772,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1772},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.2213,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5546},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":288.2654},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.894,"elongation":139.823},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.894,"opposition_distance":40.177}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.129,"elongation":1.209},{"offset_days":-3,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.485,"opposition_distance":2.716}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:40","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":11.304396051939868,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 18 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 41 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:28","moonsetLocal":"09:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:30","end":"10:55","startHours":9.49600079868522,"endHours":10.909050305177702,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:44","end":"15:09","startHours":13.73514931816267,"endHours":15.148198824655154,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:40","end":"08:05","startHours":6.669901785700252,"endHours":8.082951292192735,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:41","startHours":9.307594197819554,"endHours":9.684407399550883,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:27","startHours":7.140918287864413,"endHours":7.442368849249476,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:42","startHours":11.945286609938856,"endHours":12.698913013401514,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:10","end":"05:55","startHours":5.162648978774936,"endHours":5.916275382237594,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:44","end":"06:40","startHours":5.72786878137193,"endHours":6.669901785700252,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:58","startHours":14.20616582032683,"endHours":14.959792223789488,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.77429783764012,"endHours":18.17429783764012,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:27","startHours":17.97429783764012,"endHours":18.44531433980428,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.72429783764012,"endHours":19.47429783764012,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:42","startHours":23.945286609938854,"endHours":24.698913013401516,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:40","end":"08:05","startHours":6.669901785700252,"endHours":8.082951292192735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:05","end":"09:30","startHours":8.082951292192735,"endHours":9.49600079868522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:30","end":"10:55","startHours":9.49600079868522,"endHours":10.909050305177702,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:55","end":"12:19","startHours":10.909050305177702,"endHours":12.322099811670185,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:19","end":"13:44","startHours":12.322099811670185,"endHours":13.73514931816267,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:44","end":"15:09","startHours":13.73514931816267,"endHours":15.148198824655154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:09","end":"16:34","startHours":15.148198824655154,"endHours":16.561248331147635,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:34","end":"17:58","startHours":16.561248331147635,"endHours":17.97429783764012,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:58","end":"19:34","startHours":17.97429783764012,"endHours":19.561248331147635,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:34","end":"21:09","startHours":19.561248331147635,"endHours":21.148198824655154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:09","end":"22:44","startHours":21.148198824655154,"endHours":22.73514931816267,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:44","end":"00:19","startHours":22.73514931816267,"endHours":24.322099811670185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:19","end":"01:55","startHours":24.322099811670185,"endHours":25.9090503051777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:55","end":"03:30","startHours":25.9090503051777,"endHours":27.496000798685216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:30","end":"05:05","startHours":27.496000798685216,"endHours":29.082951292192735,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:05","end":"06:40","startHours":29.082951292192735,"endHours":30.66990178570025,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.669901785700252,"endHours":7.669901785700252,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.669901785700252,"endHours":8.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.669901785700251,"endHours":9.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.669901785700251,"endHours":10.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.669901785700251,"endHours":11.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.669901785700251,"endHours":12.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.669901785700251,"endHours":13.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.669901785700251,"endHours":14.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.669901785700251,"endHours":15.669901785700251,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.669901785700251,"endHours":16.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.66990178570025,"endHours":17.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.66990178570025,"endHours":18.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.66990178570025,"endHours":19.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.66990178570025,"endHours":20.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.66990178570025,"endHours":21.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.66990178570025,"endHours":22.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.66990178570025,"endHours":23.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.66990178570025,"endHours":24.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.66990178570025,"endHours":25.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.66990178570025,"endHours":26.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.66990178570025,"endHours":27.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.66990178570025,"endHours":28.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.66990178570025,"endHours":29.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":29.66990178570025,"endHours":30.66990178570025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.630438542250143,"eotMinutes":13.700811299788931,"ayanamsa":23.139}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 20, 1948 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 20, 1948 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:40, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-11-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:48:49.008Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:48:49.008Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:48:49.008Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}