{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1948-05-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-05-21","date_display":"May 21, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432692.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844227.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.8228,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":193.5255,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":156.7027,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7027},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":193.5255,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8588},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":230.3483},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432692.770833,"ahargana":1844227.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.132,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.76020399999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":192.198804,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.8145},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":128.46040400000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":58.56770399999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":245.29050400000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":75.79310399999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":113.894204,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":23.9641,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":203.9641,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432692.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844227.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.8228,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":193.5255,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":156.7027,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7027},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":193.5255,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8588},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":230.3483},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.815,"elongation":156.703},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.815,"opposition_distance":23.297}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.068,"elongation":1.587},{"offset_days":2,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.315,"opposition_distance":2.137}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:01","sunsetLocal":"18:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.966208561285761,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:05","moonsetLocal":"04:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.870680300131312,"endHours":12.491456370292031,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.733008510613471,"endHours":17.353784580774192,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.629128159809871,"endHours":9.249904229970591,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.033800753949162,"endHours":9.46600770599202,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:33","end":"06:54","startHours":6.548610779702724,"endHours":6.8943763413370105,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.059249418249172,"endHours":12.92366332233489,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:09","startHours":4.279524281477716,"endHours":5.143938185563433,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:56","end":"06:01","startHours":4.927834709542004,"endHours":6.008352089649151,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:31","startHours":14.652491130506325,"endHours":15.516905034592043,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:46","end":"19:10","startHours":18.774560650934912,"endHours":19.17456065093491,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:58","end":"19:31","startHours":18.97456065093491,"endHours":19.514819340988485,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:43","end":"20:28","startHours":18.72456065093491,"endHours":20.47456065093491,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.059249418249173,"endHours":24.92366332233489,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:01","end":"07:38","startHours":6.008352089649151,"endHours":7.629128159809871,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.629128159809871,"endHours":9.249904229970591,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.249904229970591,"endHours":10.870680300131312,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.870680300131312,"endHours":12.491456370292031,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:29","end":"14:07","startHours":12.491456370292031,"endHours":14.11223244045275,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:07","end":"15:44","startHours":14.11223244045275,"endHours":15.733008510613471,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.733008510613471,"endHours":17.353784580774192,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:21","end":"18:58","startHours":17.353784580774192,"endHours":18.97456065093491,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:58","end":"20:21","startHours":18.97456065093491,"endHours":20.353784580774192,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:21","end":"21:44","startHours":20.353784580774192,"endHours":21.733008510613473,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:44","end":"23:07","startHours":21.733008510613473,"endHours":23.11223244045275,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:07","end":"00:29","startHours":23.11223244045275,"endHours":24.49145637029203,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:29","end":"01:52","startHours":24.49145637029203,"endHours":25.870680300131312,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:52","end":"03:15","startHours":25.870680300131312,"endHours":27.24990422997059,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:15","end":"04:38","startHours":27.24990422997059,"endHours":28.62912815980987,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:38","end":"06:01","startHours":28.62912815980987,"endHours":30.00835208964915,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":6.008352089649151,"endHours":7.008352089649151,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.008352089649151,"endHours":8.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.00835208964915,"endHours":9.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.00835208964915,"endHours":10.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.00835208964915,"endHours":11.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.00835208964915,"endHours":12.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.00835208964915,"endHours":13.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.00835208964915,"endHours":14.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.00835208964915,"endHours":15.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.00835208964915,"endHours":16.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.00835208964915,"endHours":17.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.00835208964915,"endHours":18.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.00835208964915,"endHours":19.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.00835208964915,"endHours":20.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.00835208964915,"endHours":21.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.00835208964915,"endHours":22.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.00835208964915,"endHours":23.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.00835208964915,"endHours":24.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.00835208964915,"endHours":25.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.00835208964915,"endHours":26.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.00835208964915,"endHours":27.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.00835208964915,"endHours":28.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.00835208964915,"endHours":29.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.00835208964915,"endHours":30.00835208964915,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.12513674372569,"eotMinutes":3.539417782478063,"ayanamsa":23.132}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"narasimha-jayanti","name":"Narasiṁha Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"नरसिंह जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Narasiṁha (avatar of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":14,"significance":"Bhagavān Narasiṁha manifested to protect the bhakta Prahlāda. Krishna's fierce protective form.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Sandhyā (twilight) abhiṣekam; recitation of Narasiṁha-Stotra","detection":{"tithi_number":14,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"narasimha","sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 7.8"]},{"id":"chhinnamasta-jayanti","name":"Chhinnamastā Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"छिन्नमस्ता जयन्ती","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Chhinnamastā (6th of 10 Mahāvidyās)","significance":"The 6th of the Daśa Mahāvidyās. Devī's self-decapitation form representing transcendence of ego.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":14,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"narasimha-jayanti-walk","name":"Narasiṁha Jayantī Walk","name_sanskrit":"नरसिंह जयन्ती यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Bhāgavata 7.8 (Prahlāda-Narasiṁha) + protective verses.","step_count":9,"url":"/walk/narasimha-jayanti-walk"},"reason":"Today is Narasiṁha Jayantī — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 21, 1948 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 21, 1948 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:01, sūryāsta 18:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1948-05-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T16:46:48.531Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T16:46:48.531Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T16:46:48.531Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}