{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1947-03-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1947-03-16","date_display":"March 16, 1947 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1947,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432260.770833,"kali_year":5048,"ahargana":1843795.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.8005,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.0119,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.2113,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2113},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.0119,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6786},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":226.8124},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1947,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432260.770833,"ahargana":1843795.2708,"kali_year":5048,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1155,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.50001,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.20070999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1219},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.58331,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":318.93741,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":215.81551000000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":290.15241000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":99.46311000000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":46.8536,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":226.8536,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1947,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432260.770833,"kali_year":5048,"ahargana":1843795.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.8005,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.0119,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.2113,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2113},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.0119,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6786},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":226.8124},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.122,"elongation":76.789},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.122,"opposition_distance":103.211}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"18:43","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":12.03040903840883,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 01 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:04","moonsetLocal":"13:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:43","startHours":17.217843391761075,"endHours":18.72164452156218,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:42","end":"14:13","startHours":12.706440002357763,"endHours":14.210241132158867,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.714042261959971,"endHours":17.217843391761075,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:54","startHours":9.498330925448741,"endHours":9.899344560062369,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:31","startHours":7.192502526420383,"endHours":7.513313434111285,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:06","startHours":12.305426367744136,"endHours":13.107453636971393,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:05","end":"05:53","startHours":5.087180944698837,"endHours":5.889208213926093,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":5.68870139661928,"endHours":6.691235483153348,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:31","startHours":14.711508175425902,"endHours":15.513535444653156,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:31","end":"18:55","startHours":18.52164452156218,"endHours":18.92164452156218,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:43","end":"19:13","startHours":18.72164452156218,"endHours":19.222911564829214,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:28","end":"20:13","startHours":18.47164452156218,"endHours":20.22164452156218,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:06","startHours":24.30542636774414,"endHours":25.107453636971393,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:41","end":"08:12","startHours":6.691235483153348,"endHours":8.195036612954452,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:12","end":"09:42","startHours":8.195036612954452,"endHours":9.698837742755556,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:42","end":"11:12","startHours":9.698837742755556,"endHours":11.202638872556658,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:12","end":"12:42","startHours":11.202638872556658,"endHours":12.706440002357763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:42","end":"14:13","startHours":12.706440002357763,"endHours":14.210241132158867,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:13","end":"15:43","startHours":14.210241132158867,"endHours":15.714042261959971,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.714042261959971,"endHours":17.217843391761075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:13","end":"18:43","startHours":17.217843391761075,"endHours":18.72164452156218,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:43","end":"20:13","startHours":18.72164452156218,"endHours":20.217843391761075,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.217843391761075,"endHours":21.71404226195997,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:43","end":"23:13","startHours":21.71404226195997,"endHours":23.21024113215887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:13","end":"00:42","startHours":23.21024113215887,"endHours":24.706440002357766,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:42","end":"02:12","startHours":24.706440002357766,"endHours":26.202638872556662,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:12","end":"03:42","startHours":26.202638872556662,"endHours":27.698837742755558,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:42","end":"05:12","startHours":27.698837742755558,"endHours":29.195036612954453,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:12","end":"06:41","startHours":29.195036612954453,"endHours":30.69123548315335,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.691235483153348,"endHours":7.691235483153348,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.691235483153348,"endHours":8.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.69123548315335,"endHours":9.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.69123548315335,"endHours":10.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.69123548315335,"endHours":11.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.69123548315335,"endHours":12.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.69123548315335,"endHours":13.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.69123548315335,"endHours":14.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.69123548315335,"endHours":15.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.69123548315335,"endHours":16.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.69123548315335,"endHours":17.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.69123548315335,"endHours":18.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.69123548315335,"endHours":19.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.69123548315335,"endHours":20.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.69123548315335,"endHours":21.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.69123548315335,"endHours":22.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.69123548315335,"endHours":23.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.69123548315335,"endHours":24.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.69123548315335,"endHours":25.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.69123548315335,"endHours":26.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.69123548315335,"endHours":27.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.69123548315335,"endHours":28.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.69123548315335,"endHours":29.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.69123548315335,"endHours":30.69123548315335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-2.1389323267171307,"eotMinutes":-9.359600141465874,"ayanamsa":23.1155}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2004,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śārvarī","saka_samvat":1869,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvajit","bengali_samvat":1354,"malayalam_era":1123,"nanakshahi_year":478,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2004 Śārvarī · Śaka 1869 Sarvajit"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 16, 1947 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 16, 1947 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 18:43.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1947-03-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T12:22:52.062Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T12:22:52.062Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T12:22:52.062Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}