{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1945-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1945-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1945 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1945,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431476.770833,"kali_year":5046,"ahargana":1843011.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6362,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":6.7543,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":89.118,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.118},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":6.7543,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7543},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":284.3905},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1945,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431476.770833,"ahargana":1843011.2708,"kali_year":5046,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0855,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.5670640000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":8.175264000000027,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4521},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":259.1476640000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":255.81256400000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":155.10656399999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":324.70066399999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":72.76326399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":88.3937,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":268.3937,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1945,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431476.770833,"kali_year":5046,"ahargana":1843011.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6362,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":6.7543,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":89.118,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.118},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":6.7543,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7543},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":284.3905},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.452,"elongation":89.118},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.452,"opposition_distance":90.882}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":7,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.214,"opposition_distance":1.122}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.287525555164905,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:30","moonsetLocal":"01:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.970864270672376,"endHours":18.38180496506799,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.14898288188115,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.559923576276763,"endHours":16.970864270672376,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.728035372774896,"endHours":10.104286224613727,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.564592974701623,"endHours":7.8655936561726865,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.361791335646707,"endHours":13.114293039324366,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:21","startHours":5.589276002547765,"endHours":6.341777706225424,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.15365228030601,"endHours":7.094279409903085,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:22","startHours":14.619296446679687,"endHours":15.371798150357348,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.18180496506799,"endHours":18.581804965067988,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:51","startHours":18.38180496506799,"endHours":18.852118529866527,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.13180496506799,"endHours":19.88180496506799,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.361791335646707,"endHours":25.114293039324366,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.094279409903085,"endHours":8.505220104298697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.505220104298697,"endHours":9.91616079869431,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.91616079869431,"endHours":11.327101493089923,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.327101493089923,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.14898288188115,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.14898288188115,"endHours":15.559923576276763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.559923576276763,"endHours":16.970864270672376,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.970864270672376,"endHours":18.38180496506799,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:23","end":"19:58","startHours":18.38180496506799,"endHours":19.970864270672376,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.970864270672376,"endHours":21.559923576276763,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.559923576276763,"endHours":23.14898288188115,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:09","end":"00:44","startHours":23.14898288188115,"endHours":24.738042187485537,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:44","end":"02:20","startHours":24.738042187485537,"endHours":26.327101493089923,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.327101493089923,"endHours":27.91616079869431,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.91616079869431,"endHours":29.505220104298697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.505220104298697,"endHours":31.094279409903084,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.094279409903085,"endHours":8.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.094279409903084,"endHours":9.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.094279409903084,"endHours":10.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.094279409903084,"endHours":11.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.094279409903084,"endHours":12.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.094279409903084,"endHours":13.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.094279409903084,"endHours":14.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.094279409903084,"endHours":15.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.094279409903084,"endHours":16.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.094279409903084,"endHours":17.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.094279409903084,"endHours":18.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.094279409903084,"endHours":19.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.094279409903084,"endHours":20.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.094279409903084,"endHours":21.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.094279409903084,"endHours":22.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.094279409903084,"endHours":23.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.094279409903084,"endHours":24.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.094279409903084,"endHours":25.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.094279409903084,"endHours":26.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.094279409903084,"endHours":27.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.094279409903084,"endHours":28.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.094279409903084,"endHours":29.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.094279409903084,"endHours":30.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.094279409903084,"endHours":31.094279409903084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.008476408355953,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.0855}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2002,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vilambī","saka_samvat":1867,"saka_samvatsara":"Pārthiva","bengali_samvat":1352,"malayalam_era":1121,"nanakshahi_year":476,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2002 Vilambī · Śaka 1867 Pārthiva"},"festivals":[{"id":"bhishma-ashtami","name":"Bhīṣmāṣṭamī","name_sanskrit":"भीष्माष्टमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Bhīṣma Pitāmaha","significance":"Bhīṣma's mahaprasthāna anniversary (Māgha Śukla 8); Bhīṣma-tarpaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana Parva"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1945 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1945 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1945-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:39:30.168Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:39:30.168Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T11:39:30.168Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}