{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1944-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1944-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 1944 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1944,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431180.770833,"kali_year":5045,"ahargana":1842715.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4325,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":69.5406,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.1081,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1081},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":69.5406,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.8739},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.9731},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1944,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431180.770833,"ahargana":1842715.2708,"kali_year":5045,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0741,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.136274,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":71.65167400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5494},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":69.09797400000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":1.0180740000000128,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":114.87467399999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":324.886574,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.32647399999996,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":104.0772,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":284.0772,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1944,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431180.770833,"kali_year":5045,"ahargana":1842715.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4325,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":69.5406,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.1081,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1081},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":69.5406,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.8739},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.9731},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.549,"elongation":82.108},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.549,"opposition_distance":97.892}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:29","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.278350973399455,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:43","moonsetLocal":"00:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:38","startHours":11.093347818593177,"endHours":12.628141690268109,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697729433617972,"endHours":17.232523305292904,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:01","end":"09:34","startHours":8.023760075243313,"endHours":9.558553946918245,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:46","startHours":9.353914764028254,"endHours":9.763193129808236,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:00","end":"07:20","startHours":7.000564160793359,"endHours":7.327986853417344,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:02","startHours":12.218863324488128,"endHours":13.03742005604809,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:40","startHours":4.851852740448454,"endHours":5.6704094720084175,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:29","startHours":5.465770289118427,"endHours":6.488966203568381,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:30","startHours":14.674533519168017,"endHours":15.493090250727981,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.567317176967837,"endHours":18.967317176967835,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.767317176967836,"endHours":19.278915134192815,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.517317176967836,"endHours":20.267317176967836,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:02","startHours":24.218863324488126,"endHours":25.03742005604809,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:29","end":"08:01","startHours":6.488966203568381,"endHours":8.023760075243313,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:01","end":"09:34","startHours":8.023760075243313,"endHours":9.558553946918245,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:34","end":"11:06","startHours":9.558553946918245,"endHours":11.093347818593177,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:38","startHours":11.093347818593177,"endHours":12.628141690268109,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.628141690268109,"endHours":14.16293556194304,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.16293556194304,"endHours":15.697729433617972,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697729433617972,"endHours":17.232523305292904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:14","end":"18:46","startHours":17.232523305292904,"endHours":18.767317176967836,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:46","end":"20:14","startHours":18.767317176967836,"endHours":20.232523305292904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.232523305292904,"endHours":21.697729433617972,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.697729433617972,"endHours":23.16293556194304,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:10","end":"00:38","startHours":23.16293556194304,"endHours":24.62814169026811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:38","end":"02:06","startHours":24.62814169026811,"endHours":26.093347818593177,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:06","end":"03:34","startHours":26.093347818593177,"endHours":27.558553946918245,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:34","end":"05:01","startHours":27.558553946918245,"endHours":29.023760075243313,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:01","end":"06:29","startHours":29.023760075243313,"endHours":30.48896620356838,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.488966203568381,"endHours":7.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.488966203568381,"endHours":8.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.488966203568381,"endHours":9.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.488966203568381,"endHours":10.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.488966203568381,"endHours":11.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.488966203568381,"endHours":12.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.488966203568381,"endHours":13.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.488966203568381,"endHours":14.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.488966203568381,"endHours":15.488966203568381,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.488966203568381,"endHours":16.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.48896620356838,"endHours":17.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.48896620356838,"endHours":18.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.48896620356838,"endHours":19.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.48896620356838,"endHours":20.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.48896620356838,"endHours":21.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.48896620356838,"endHours":22.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.48896620356838,"endHours":23.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.48896620356838,"endHours":24.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.48896620356838,"endHours":25.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.48896620356838,"endHours":26.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.48896620356838,"endHours":27.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.48896620356838,"endHours":28.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.48896620356838,"endHours":29.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.48896620356838,"endHours":30.48896620356838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.042891239175574,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":23.0741}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2001,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1866,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1351,"malayalam_era":1120,"nanakshahi_year":475,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2001 Hemalambī · Śaka 1866 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 1944 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 1944 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:29, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1944-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:49:21.712Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:49:21.712Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T02:49:21.712Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}