{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1941-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1941-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1941 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430015.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841550.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6721,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6989,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.0267,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0267},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.6989,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0322},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.371},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430015.770833,"ahargana":1841550.2708,"kali_year":5042,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0296,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.59278500000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.71958500000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2411},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.74448499999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":284.813985,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":14.068784999999991,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":256.734785,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":15.365684999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":165.8045,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":345.8045,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430015.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841550.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6721,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6989,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.0267,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0267},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.6989,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0322},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.371},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.241,"elongation":81.973},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.241,"opposition_distance":98.027}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.287234351574376,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:32","moonsetLocal":"13:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.559850775379132,"endHours":16.97075506932593,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.916233599591944,"endHours":11.32713789353874,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.148946481432334,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.728113027065703,"endHours":10.104354172118184,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.5647264430139485,"endHours":7.865719359055932,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.361801042433058,"endHours":13.114283332538015,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:21","startHours":5.589460431488432,"endHours":6.341942721593391,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.153822149067151,"endHours":7.094425011698349,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:22","startHours":14.619247912747934,"endHours":15.371730202852893,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.181659363272725,"endHours":18.581659363272724,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:51","startHours":18.381659363272725,"endHours":18.851960794588322,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.131659363272725,"endHours":19.881659363272725,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.361801042433058,"endHours":25.114283332538015,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.094425011698349,"endHours":8.505329305645146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.505329305645146,"endHours":9.916233599591944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.916233599591944,"endHours":11.32713789353874,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.32713789353874,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.148946481432334,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.148946481432334,"endHours":15.559850775379132,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.559850775379132,"endHours":16.97075506932593,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.97075506932593,"endHours":18.381659363272725,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:23","end":"19:58","startHours":18.381659363272725,"endHours":19.97075506932593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.97075506932593,"endHours":21.559850775379132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.559850775379132,"endHours":23.148946481432333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:09","end":"00:44","startHours":23.148946481432333,"endHours":24.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:44","end":"02:20","startHours":24.738042187485537,"endHours":26.32713789353874,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.32713789353874,"endHours":27.91623359959194,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.91623359959194,"endHours":29.505329305645144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.505329305645144,"endHours":31.09442501169835,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.094425011698349,"endHours":8.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.094425011698348,"endHours":9.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.094425011698348,"endHours":10.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.094425011698348,"endHours":11.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.094425011698348,"endHours":12.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.094425011698348,"endHours":13.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.094425011698348,"endHours":14.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.094425011698348,"endHours":15.094425011698348,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.094425011698348,"endHours":16.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09442501169835,"endHours":17.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09442501169835,"endHours":18.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09442501169835,"endHours":19.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09442501169835,"endHours":20.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09442501169835,"endHours":21.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09442501169835,"endHours":22.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09442501169835,"endHours":23.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09442501169835,"endHours":24.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09442501169835,"endHours":25.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09442501169835,"endHours":26.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09442501169835,"endHours":27.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09442501169835,"endHours":28.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09442501169835,"endHours":29.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09442501169835,"endHours":30.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09442501169835,"endHours":31.09442501169835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.014986326114094,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.0296}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1998,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1863,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1348,"malayalam_era":1117,"nanakshahi_year":472,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 1998 Jaya · Śaka 1863 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1941 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1941 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:24:08.973Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:24:08.973Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T17:24:08.973Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}