{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1941-01-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1941-01-17","date_display":"January 17, 1941 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430011.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.5689,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":138.1606,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":224.5917,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5917},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":138.1606,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.8273},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":51.7296},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430011.770833,"ahargana":1841546.2708,"kali_year":5042,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0294,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.521338,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":139.320538,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1009},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":226.03693799999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":278.014238,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":13.81143800000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":251.73943800000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":15.295838000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":166.0164,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":346.0164,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2430011.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.5689,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":138.1606,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":224.5917,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5917},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":138.1606,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.8273},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":51.7296},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.101,"elongation":135.408},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.101,"opposition_distance":44.592}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":11.250058652381206,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:35","moonsetLocal":"09:57","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:19","end":"12:43","startHours":11.311290814220829,"endHours":12.717548145768479,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:32","end":"16:56","startHours":15.53006280886378,"endHours":16.936320140411432,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.498776151125526,"endHours":9.905033482673177,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:06","startHours":9.71753250513349,"endHours":10.092534460212864,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.561271263427093,"endHours":7.861272827490592,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:06","startHours":12.342546190689106,"endHours":13.092550100847852,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.592510999260382,"endHours":6.342514909419129,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.155013931879442,"endHours":7.092518819577876,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:21","startHours":14.592557921165348,"endHours":15.342561831324096,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.142577471959083,"endHours":18.54257747195908,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:49","startHours":18.342577471959082,"endHours":18.811329915808297,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.092577471959082,"endHours":19.842577471959082,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:06","startHours":24.342546190689106,"endHours":25.092550100847852,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.092518819577876,"endHours":8.498776151125526,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.498776151125526,"endHours":9.905033482673177,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:54","end":"11:19","startHours":9.905033482673177,"endHours":11.311290814220829,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:19","end":"12:43","startHours":11.311290814220829,"endHours":12.717548145768479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:43","end":"14:07","startHours":12.717548145768479,"endHours":14.123805477316129,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:07","end":"15:32","startHours":14.123805477316129,"endHours":15.53006280886378,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:32","end":"16:56","startHours":15.53006280886378,"endHours":16.936320140411432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:56","end":"18:21","startHours":16.936320140411432,"endHours":18.342577471959082,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:21","end":"19:56","startHours":18.342577471959082,"endHours":19.936320140411432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:56","end":"21:32","startHours":19.936320140411432,"endHours":21.530062808863782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:32","end":"23:07","startHours":21.530062808863782,"endHours":23.12380547731613,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:07","end":"00:43","startHours":23.12380547731613,"endHours":24.71754814576848,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:43","end":"02:19","startHours":24.71754814576848,"endHours":26.31129081422083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:19","end":"03:54","startHours":26.31129081422083,"endHours":27.905033482673176,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:54","end":"05:30","startHours":27.905033482673176,"endHours":29.498776151125526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.498776151125526,"endHours":31.092518819577876,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.092518819577876,"endHours":8.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.092518819577876,"endHours":9.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.092518819577876,"endHours":10.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.092518819577876,"endHours":11.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.092518819577876,"endHours":12.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.092518819577876,"endHours":13.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.092518819577876,"endHours":14.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.092518819577876,"endHours":15.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.092518819577876,"endHours":16.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.092518819577876,"endHours":17.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.092518819577876,"endHours":18.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.092518819577876,"endHours":19.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.092518819577876,"endHours":20.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.092518819577876,"endHours":21.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.092518819577876,"endHours":22.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.092518819577876,"endHours":23.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.092518819577876,"endHours":24.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.092518819577876,"endHours":25.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.092518819577876,"endHours":26.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.092518819577876,"endHours":27.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.092518819577876,"endHours":28.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.092518819577876,"endHours":29.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.092518819577876,"endHours":30.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.092518819577876,"endHours":31.092518819577876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.841694773475986,"eotMinutes":-10.026088746108654,"ayanamsa":23.0294}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1998,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1863,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1348,"malayalam_era":1117,"nanakshahi_year":472,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 1998 Jaya · Śaka 1863 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 17, 1941 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 17, 1941 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T12:59:38.814Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T12:59:38.814Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T12:59:38.814Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}