{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1941-01-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1941-01-05","date_display":"January 5, 1941 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429999.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841534.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":261.2411,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.8167,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":84.5756,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5756},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.8167,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4834},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.0578},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429999.770833,"ahargana":1841534.2708,"kali_year":5042,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.029,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":261.29549699999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.590097,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.0656},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":217.94499700000006,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":258.31919700000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":13.355097,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":236.765897,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":15.266196999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":166.6522,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":346.6522,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1941,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429999.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841534.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":261.2411,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.8167,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":84.5756,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5756},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.8167,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4834},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.0578},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.066,"elongation":84.576},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.066,"opposition_distance":95.424}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"18:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":11.166539546466018,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 10 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:09","moonsetLocal":"00:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:50","end":"18:13","startHours":16.82877850699414,"endHours":18.224595950302394,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:38","end":"14:02","startHours":12.641326177069384,"endHours":14.037143620377638,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"16:50","startHours":15.43296106368589,"endHours":16.82877850699414,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:02","startHours":9.66358229801178,"endHours":10.03580028289398,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:31","end":"07:49","startHours":7.5233288849391275,"endHours":7.821103272844888,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:01","startHours":12.269108192187185,"endHours":13.013544161951584,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:19","startHours":5.569184464307574,"endHours":6.313620434071975,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:03","startHours":6.127511441630875,"endHours":7.0580564038363764,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:30","end":"15:15","startHours":14.502416101480389,"endHours":15.24685207124479,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:01","end":"18:25","startHours":18.024595950302395,"endHours":18.424595950302393,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:13","end":"18:41","startHours":18.224595950302394,"endHours":18.689868431405145,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:43","startHours":17.974595950302394,"endHours":19.724595950302394,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:01","startHours":24.269108192187183,"endHours":25.013544161951586,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.0580564038363764,"endHours":8.453873847144628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:27","end":"09:51","startHours":8.453873847144628,"endHours":9.849691290452881,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:51","end":"11:15","startHours":9.849691290452881,"endHours":11.245508733761133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:15","end":"12:38","startHours":11.245508733761133,"endHours":12.641326177069384,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:38","end":"14:02","startHours":12.641326177069384,"endHours":14.037143620377638,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:02","end":"15:26","startHours":14.037143620377638,"endHours":15.43296106368589,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"16:50","startHours":15.43296106368589,"endHours":16.82877850699414,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:50","end":"18:13","startHours":16.82877850699414,"endHours":18.224595950302394,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:13","end":"19:50","startHours":18.224595950302394,"endHours":19.82877850699414,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:50","end":"21:26","startHours":19.82877850699414,"endHours":21.43296106368589,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"23:02","startHours":21.43296106368589,"endHours":23.037143620377638,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:02","end":"00:38","startHours":23.037143620377638,"endHours":24.641326177069384,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:38","end":"02:15","startHours":24.641326177069384,"endHours":26.245508733761135,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:15","end":"03:51","startHours":26.245508733761135,"endHours":27.84969129045288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:51","end":"05:27","startHours":27.84969129045288,"endHours":29.453873847144628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:27","end":"07:03","startHours":29.453873847144628,"endHours":31.058056403836375,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.0580564038363764,"endHours":8.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.058056403836376,"endHours":9.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.058056403836376,"endHours":10.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.058056403836376,"endHours":11.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.058056403836376,"endHours":12.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.058056403836376,"endHours":13.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.058056403836376,"endHours":14.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.058056403836376,"endHours":15.058056403836376,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.058056403836376,"endHours":16.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.058056403836375,"endHours":17.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.058056403836375,"endHours":18.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.058056403836375,"endHours":19.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.058056403836375,"endHours":20.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.058056403836375,"endHours":21.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.058056403836375,"endHours":22.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.058056403836375,"endHours":23.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.058056403836375,"endHours":24.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.058056403836375,"endHours":25.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.058056403836375,"endHours":26.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.058056403836375,"endHours":27.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.058056403836375,"endHours":28.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.058056403836375,"endHours":29.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.058056403836375,"endHours":30.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.058056403836375,"endHours":31.058056403836375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.66652433792275,"eotMinutes":-5.452770624163118,"ayanamsa":23.029}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1998,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1863,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1348,"malayalam_era":1117,"nanakshahi_year":472,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 1998 Jaya · Śaka 1863 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 5, 1941 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 5, 1941 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 18:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1941-01-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T21:29:25.973Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T21:29:25.973Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T21:29:25.973Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}