{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1940-02-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1940-02-13","date_display":"February 13, 1940 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":2,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429672.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841207.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":300.4022,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.224,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8217,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8217},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.224,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5573},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":295.6262},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1940,"month":2,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429672.770833,"ahargana":1841207.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0165,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":300.17508999999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":351.29059,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6842},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.054390000000012,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":310.44899,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":345.98639000000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":338.77059,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":3.752990000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":183.9783,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":3.9783,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":2,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429672.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841207.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":300.4022,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.224,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8217,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8217},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.224,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5573},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":295.6262},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.684,"elongation":54.822},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.684,"opposition_distance":125.178}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:01","sunsetLocal":"18:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:48","dayLengthHours":11.556603525442775,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 24 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 26 Mins 36 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:03","moonsetLocal":"22:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:08","startHours":15.682922969037728,"endHours":17.127498409718076,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:54","end":"11:21","startHours":9.90462120631634,"endHours":11.349196646996688,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:48","end":"14:14","startHours":12.793772087677034,"endHours":14.23834752835738,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:06","startHours":9.712011147558961,"endHours":10.09723126507372,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:30","end":"07:48","startHours":7.496995471849096,"endHours":7.8051715658609035,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:25","end":"13:11","startHours":12.408551970162275,"endHours":13.178992205191793,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:28","end":"06:15","startHours":5.47458985489661,"endHours":6.245030089926129,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:03","end":"07:01","startHours":6.052420031168749,"endHours":7.015470324955647,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:29","startHours":14.71987267525083,"endHours":15.490312910280348,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:22","end":"18:46","startHours":18.372073850398422,"endHours":18.77207385039842,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:34","end":"19:03","startHours":18.57207385039842,"endHours":19.05359899729187,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:19","end":"20:04","startHours":18.32207385039842,"endHours":20.07207385039842,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:25","end":"01:11","startHours":24.408551970162275,"endHours":25.178992205191793,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:01","end":"08:28","startHours":7.015470324955647,"endHours":8.460045765635993,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:28","end":"09:54","startHours":8.460045765635993,"endHours":9.90462120631634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:54","end":"11:21","startHours":9.90462120631634,"endHours":11.349196646996688,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:21","end":"12:48","startHours":11.349196646996688,"endHours":12.793772087677034,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:48","end":"14:14","startHours":12.793772087677034,"endHours":14.23834752835738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:14","end":"15:41","startHours":14.23834752835738,"endHours":15.682922969037728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:41","end":"17:08","startHours":15.682922969037728,"endHours":17.127498409718076,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:08","end":"18:34","startHours":17.127498409718076,"endHours":18.57207385039842,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:34","end":"20:08","startHours":18.57207385039842,"endHours":20.127498409718076,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:08","end":"21:41","startHours":20.127498409718076,"endHours":21.682922969037726,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:41","end":"23:14","startHours":21.682922969037726,"endHours":23.23834752835738,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:14","end":"00:48","startHours":23.23834752835738,"endHours":24.793772087677034,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:48","end":"02:21","startHours":24.793772087677034,"endHours":26.34919664699669,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:21","end":"03:54","startHours":26.34919664699669,"endHours":27.904621206316342,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:54","end":"05:28","startHours":27.904621206316342,"endHours":29.460045765635993,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:28","end":"07:01","startHours":29.460045765635993,"endHours":31.015470324955647,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.015470324955647,"endHours":8.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.015470324955647,"endHours":9.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.015470324955647,"endHours":10.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.015470324955647,"endHours":11.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.015470324955647,"endHours":12.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.015470324955647,"endHours":13.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.015470324955647,"endHours":14.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.015470324955647,"endHours":15.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.015470324955647,"endHours":16.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.015470324955647,"endHours":17.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.015470324955647,"endHours":18.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.015470324955647,"endHours":19.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.015470324955647,"endHours":20.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.015470324955647,"endHours":21.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.015470324955647,"endHours":22.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.015470324955647,"endHours":23.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.015470324955647,"endHours":24.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.015470324955647,"endHours":25.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.015470324955647,"endHours":26.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.015470324955647,"endHours":27.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.015470324955647,"endHours":28.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.015470324955647,"endHours":29.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.015470324955647,"endHours":30.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":30.015470324955647,"endHours":31.015470324955647,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-13.786101277683793,"eotMinutes":-14.599525260622107,"ayanamsa":23.0165}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1997,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1862,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1347,"malayalam_era":1116,"nanakshahi_year":471,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 1997 Vijaya · Śaka 1862 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 13, 1940 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 13, 1940 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:01, sūryāsta 18:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-02-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:03:23.008Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:03:23.008Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T14:03:23.008Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}