{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1940-01-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1940-01-19","date_display":"January 19, 1940 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429647.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841182.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.8606,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.5977,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.7371,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7371},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":21.5977,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2643},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":296.4583},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1940,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429647.770833,"ahargana":1841182.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0155,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.800845,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":19.092944999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.2614},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":348.032745,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":267.49944500000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":341.36474499999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.3910450000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":2.247045000000014,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":185.3029,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":5.3029,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429647.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841182.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.8606,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.5977,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.7371,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7371},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":21.5977,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2643},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":296.4583},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.261,"elongation":106.737},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.261,"opposition_distance":73.263}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.26115548209918,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 40 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 20 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:19","moonsetLocal":"02:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:19","end":"12:44","startHours":11.320503130301272,"endHours":12.72814756556367,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:33","end":"16:57","startHours":15.543436436088466,"endHours":16.951080871350864,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.505214259776478,"endHours":9.912858695038876,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.725172770337224,"endHours":10.100544619740528,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.566784636268213,"endHours":7.867082115790859,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:06","startHours":12.352775716160366,"endHours":13.103519414966978,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.596082426900857,"endHours":6.346826125707469,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:10","end":"07:06","startHours":6.159140201005816,"endHours":7.097569824514081,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:21","startHours":14.605006812580202,"endHours":15.355750511386814,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.158725306613263,"endHours":18.558725306613262,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:50","startHours":18.358725306613263,"endHours":18.827940118367394,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.108725306613263,"endHours":19.858725306613263,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:06","startHours":24.35277571616037,"endHours":25.10351941496698,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.097569824514081,"endHours":8.505214259776478,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.505214259776478,"endHours":9.912858695038876,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:55","end":"11:19","startHours":9.912858695038876,"endHours":11.320503130301272,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:19","end":"12:44","startHours":11.320503130301272,"endHours":12.72814756556367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:44","end":"14:08","startHours":12.72814756556367,"endHours":14.135792000826068,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:08","end":"15:33","startHours":14.135792000826068,"endHours":15.543436436088466,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:33","end":"16:57","startHours":15.543436436088466,"endHours":16.951080871350864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:57","end":"18:22","startHours":16.951080871350864,"endHours":18.358725306613263,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:22","end":"19:57","startHours":18.358725306613263,"endHours":19.951080871350864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:57","end":"21:33","startHours":19.951080871350864,"endHours":21.543436436088466,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:33","end":"23:08","startHours":21.543436436088466,"endHours":23.135792000826072,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:08","end":"00:44","startHours":23.135792000826072,"endHours":24.728147565563674,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:44","end":"02:19","startHours":24.728147565563674,"endHours":26.320503130301276,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:19","end":"03:55","startHours":26.320503130301276,"endHours":27.912858695038878,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.912858695038878,"endHours":29.50521425977648,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.50521425977648,"endHours":31.097569824514082,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.097569824514081,"endHours":8.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.097569824514082,"endHours":9.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.097569824514082,"endHours":10.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.097569824514082,"endHours":11.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.097569824514082,"endHours":12.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.097569824514082,"endHours":13.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.097569824514082,"endHours":14.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.097569824514082,"endHours":15.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.097569824514082,"endHours":16.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.097569824514082,"endHours":17.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.097569824514082,"endHours":18.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.097569824514082,"endHours":19.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.097569824514082,"endHours":20.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.097569824514082,"endHours":21.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.097569824514082,"endHours":22.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.097569824514082,"endHours":23.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.097569824514082,"endHours":24.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.097569824514082,"endHours":25.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.097569824514082,"endHours":26.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.097569824514082,"endHours":27.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.097569824514082,"endHours":28.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.097569824514082,"endHours":29.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.097569824514082,"endHours":30.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.097569824514082,"endHours":31.097569824514082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.595837081722067,"eotMinutes":-10.662053933820344,"ayanamsa":23.0155}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1997,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1862,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1347,"malayalam_era":1116,"nanakshahi_year":471,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 1997 Vijaya · Śaka 1862 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 19, 1940 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 19, 1940 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1940-01-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T13:41:20.606Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T13:41:20.606Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T13:41:20.606Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}