{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-10-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-10-01","date_display":"October 1, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429537.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841072.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.3522,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":12.4834,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.1312,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1312},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":12.4834,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4834},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.8356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429537.770833,"ahargana":1841072.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0113,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.95164799999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.317248000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.1061},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":280.57684800000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":171.24654799999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":340.980548,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":171.56004800000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":6.838447999999971,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":191.1312,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":11.1312,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429537.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841072.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.3522,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":12.4834,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":209.1312,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1312},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":12.4834,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4834},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.8356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.106,"elongation":150.869},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.106,"opposition_distance":29.131}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":12.005419232532411,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:53","moonsetLocal":"08:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:52","end":"18:22","startHours":16.866349475756582,"endHours":18.367026879823133,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:22","end":"13:52","startHours":12.364317263556927,"endHours":13.864994667623478,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:22","end":"16:52","startHours":15.365672071690028,"endHours":16.866349475756582,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.162872134881617,"endHours":9.56305277596603,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.861833448646238,"endHours":7.181977961513769,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:46","startHours":11.964136622472514,"endHours":12.76449790464134,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:46","end":"05:34","startHours":4.760885082953066,"endHours":5.561246365121893,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.361156044579687,"endHours":6.361607647290721,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:10","startHours":14.365220468978993,"endHours":15.16558175114782,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.167026879823133,"endHours":18.567026879823132,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:52","startHours":18.367026879823133,"endHours":18.86725268117865,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.117026879823133,"endHours":19.867026879823133,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:46","startHours":23.964136622472513,"endHours":24.764497904641342,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:22","end":"07:52","startHours":6.361607647290721,"endHours":7.862285051357272,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.862285051357272,"endHours":9.362962455423823,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:22","end":"10:52","startHours":9.362962455423823,"endHours":10.863639859490375,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:52","end":"12:22","startHours":10.863639859490375,"endHours":12.364317263556927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:22","end":"13:52","startHours":12.364317263556927,"endHours":13.864994667623478,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:52","end":"15:22","startHours":13.864994667623478,"endHours":15.365672071690028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:22","end":"16:52","startHours":15.365672071690028,"endHours":16.866349475756582,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:52","end":"18:22","startHours":16.866349475756582,"endHours":18.367026879823133,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:22","end":"19:52","startHours":18.367026879823133,"endHours":19.866349475756582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:52","end":"21:22","startHours":19.866349475756582,"endHours":21.365672071690028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:22","end":"22:52","startHours":21.365672071690028,"endHours":22.864994667623478,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:52","end":"00:22","startHours":22.864994667623478,"endHours":24.364317263556927,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:22","end":"01:52","startHours":24.364317263556927,"endHours":25.863639859490377,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:52","end":"03:22","startHours":25.863639859490377,"endHours":27.362962455423826,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:22","end":"04:52","startHours":27.362962455423826,"endHours":28.862285051357272,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:22","startHours":28.862285051357272,"endHours":30.36160764729072,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.361607647290721,"endHours":7.361607647290721,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.361607647290721,"endHours":8.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.361607647290722,"endHours":9.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.361607647290722,"endHours":10.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.361607647290722,"endHours":11.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.361607647290722,"endHours":12.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.361607647290722,"endHours":13.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.361607647290722,"endHours":14.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.361607647290722,"endHours":15.361607647290722,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.361607647290722,"endHours":16.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.36160764729072,"endHours":17.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.36160764729072,"endHours":18.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.36160764729072,"endHours":19.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.36160764729072,"endHours":20.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.36160764729072,"endHours":21.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.36160764729072,"endHours":22.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.36160764729072,"endHours":23.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.36160764729072,"endHours":24.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.36160764729072,"endHours":25.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.36160764729072,"endHours":26.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.36160764729072,"endHours":27.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.36160764729072,"endHours":28.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.36160764729072,"endHours":29.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.36160764729072,"endHours":30.36160764729072,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.76365030492081,"eotMinutes":11.167764186584405,"ayanamsa":23.0113}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 1, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 1, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-10-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T21:03:56.833Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T21:03:56.833Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-21T21:03:56.833Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}