{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-08-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-08-01","date_display":"August 1, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429476.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841011.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5013,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.6967,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.1954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1954},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":294.6967,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3634},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":39.198},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429476.770833,"ahargana":1841011.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.009,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.89197899999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.27537899999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4269},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":275.025179,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":121.34857899999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":346.439479,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":95.94737900000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":8.545379000000025,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.3633,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.3633,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429476.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841011.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5013,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.6967,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.1954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1954},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":294.6967,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3634},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":39.198},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.427,"elongation":169.805},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.427,"opposition_distance":10.195}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"19:06","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.881903712346293,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:30","moonsetLocal":"06:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.871217092531744,"endHours":17.481455056575033,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:26","end":"11:02","startHours":9.430265236358597,"endHours":11.040503200401885,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.650741164445172,"endHours":14.260979128488458,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:39","startHours":9.215566841152826,"endHours":9.64496363156437,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:05","startHours":6.746535296286454,"endHours":7.090052728615689,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.22134437403363,"endHours":13.080137954856715,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:21","startHours":4.492202146625852,"endHours":5.350995727448939,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:13","startHours":5.136297332243167,"endHours":6.209789308272025,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:39","startHours":14.797725116502885,"endHours":15.656518697325971,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:54","end":"19:18","startHours":18.89169302061832,"endHours":19.291693020618318,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:06","end":"19:38","startHours":19.09169302061832,"endHours":19.628439008632746,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:51","end":"20:36","startHours":18.84169302061832,"endHours":20.59169302061832,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.221344374033627,"endHours":25.080137954856717,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:13","end":"07:49","startHours":6.209789308272025,"endHours":7.820027272315311,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:49","end":"09:26","startHours":7.820027272315311,"endHours":9.430265236358597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:26","end":"11:02","startHours":9.430265236358597,"endHours":11.040503200401885,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:02","end":"12:39","startHours":11.040503200401885,"endHours":12.650741164445172,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.650741164445172,"endHours":14.260979128488458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:52","startHours":14.260979128488458,"endHours":15.871217092531744,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.871217092531744,"endHours":17.481455056575033,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:29","end":"19:06","startHours":17.481455056575033,"endHours":19.09169302061832,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:06","end":"20:29","startHours":19.09169302061832,"endHours":20.481455056575033,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:29","end":"21:52","startHours":20.481455056575033,"endHours":21.871217092531744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:52","end":"23:16","startHours":21.871217092531744,"endHours":23.260979128488458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.260979128488458,"endHours":24.650741164445172,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:39","end":"02:02","startHours":24.650741164445172,"endHours":26.040503200401886,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:02","end":"03:26","startHours":26.040503200401886,"endHours":27.4302652363586,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:26","end":"04:49","startHours":27.4302652363586,"endHours":28.82002727231531,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:49","end":"06:13","startHours":28.82002727231531,"endHours":30.209789308272025,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.209789308272025,"endHours":7.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.209789308272025,"endHours":8.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.209789308272025,"endHours":9.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.209789308272025,"endHours":10.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.209789308272025,"endHours":11.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.209789308272025,"endHours":12.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.209789308272025,"endHours":13.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.209789308272025,"endHours":14.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.209789308272025,"endHours":15.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.209789308272025,"endHours":16.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.209789308272025,"endHours":17.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.209789308272025,"endHours":18.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.209789308272025,"endHours":19.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.209789308272025,"endHours":20.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.209789308272025,"endHours":21.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.209789308272025,"endHours":22.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.209789308272025,"endHours":23.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.209789308272025,"endHours":24.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.209789308272025,"endHours":25.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.209789308272025,"endHours":26.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.209789308272025,"endHours":27.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.209789308272025,"endHours":28.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.209789308272025,"endHours":29.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.209789308272025,"endHours":30.209789308272025,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.290810743015168,"eotMinutes":-6.017669866710306,"ayanamsa":23.009}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 1, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 1, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 19:06.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-08-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T23:16:26.727Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T23:16:26.727Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-21T23:16:26.727Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}