{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-04-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-04-13","date_display":"April 13, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429366.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840901.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":359.4933,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.3192,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.826,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.826},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":283.3192,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.3192},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.8125},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429366.770833,"ahargana":1840901.2708,"kali_year":5040,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0048,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":359.215482,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.189382,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4676},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":259.9988820000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":344.256882,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":331.61138200000005,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":322.88708199999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":358.588982,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.1916,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.1916,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429366.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840901.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":359.4933,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.3192,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.826,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.826},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":283.3192,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.3192},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.8125},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.468,"elongation":76.174},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.468,"opposition_distance":103.826}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"18:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":12.466388446826741,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:54","moonsetLocal":"13:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.121575403015079,"endHours":15.679873958868424,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:20","end":"07:53","startHours":6.330082623748367,"endHours":7.888381179601709,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"11:00","startHours":9.446679735455053,"endHours":11.004978291308394,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:39","startHours":9.238906594674607,"endHours":9.654452876235498,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.849515475699481,"endHours":7.181952500948194,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:59","startHours":12.147730565600847,"endHours":12.97882312872263,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:40","end":"05:30","startHours":4.667897497504802,"endHours":5.498990060626584,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:20","startHours":5.291216919846138,"endHours":6.330082623748367,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.641008254966195,"endHours":15.472100818087977,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:36","end":"19:00","startHours":18.59647107057511,"endHours":18.996471070575108,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:48","end":"19:19","startHours":18.79647107057511,"endHours":19.315903922526225,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:33","end":"20:18","startHours":18.54647107057511,"endHours":20.29647107057511,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:59","startHours":24.147730565600845,"endHours":24.97882312872263,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:20","end":"07:53","startHours":6.330082623748367,"endHours":7.888381179601709,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:53","end":"09:27","startHours":7.888381179601709,"endHours":9.446679735455053,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:27","end":"11:00","startHours":9.446679735455053,"endHours":11.004978291308394,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:00","end":"12:34","startHours":11.004978291308394,"endHours":12.563276847161738,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:34","end":"14:07","startHours":12.563276847161738,"endHours":14.121575403015079,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.121575403015079,"endHours":15.679873958868424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:14","startHours":15.679873958868424,"endHours":17.238172514721764,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:14","end":"18:48","startHours":17.238172514721764,"endHours":18.79647107057511,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:48","end":"20:14","startHours":18.79647107057511,"endHours":20.238172514721768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:14","end":"21:41","startHours":20.238172514721768,"endHours":21.679873958868424,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:41","end":"23:07","startHours":21.679873958868424,"endHours":23.12157540301508,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:07","end":"00:34","startHours":23.12157540301508,"endHours":24.563276847161738,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:34","end":"02:00","startHours":24.563276847161738,"endHours":26.004978291308397,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:00","end":"03:27","startHours":26.004978291308397,"endHours":27.446679735455053,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:27","end":"04:53","startHours":27.446679735455053,"endHours":28.88838117960171,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:53","end":"06:20","startHours":28.88838117960171,"endHours":30.330082623748368,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.330082623748367,"endHours":7.330082623748367,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.330082623748367,"endHours":8.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.330082623748368,"endHours":9.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.330082623748368,"endHours":10.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.330082623748368,"endHours":11.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.330082623748368,"endHours":12.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.330082623748368,"endHours":13.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.330082623748368,"endHours":14.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.330082623748368,"endHours":15.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.330082623748368,"endHours":16.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.330082623748368,"endHours":17.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.330082623748368,"endHours":18.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.330082623748368,"endHours":19.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.330082623748368,"endHours":20.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.330082623748368,"endHours":21.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.330082623748368,"endHours":22.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.330082623748368,"endHours":23.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.330082623748368,"endHours":24.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.330082623748368,"endHours":25.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.330082623748368,"endHours":26.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.330082623748368,"endHours":27.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.330082623748368,"endHours":28.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.330082623748368,"endHours":29.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.330082623748368,"endHours":30.330082623748368,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.650681149789685,"eotMinutes":-0.7698108297043191,"ayanamsa":23.0048}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 13, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 13, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 18:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-04-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:34.993Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:34.993Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:34.993Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}