{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429284.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840819.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1774,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.754,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.5766,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5766},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":283.754,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.754},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.9315},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429284.770833,"ahargana":1840819.2708,"kali_year":5040,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0016,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.09701500000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.25961499999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4204},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.70511499999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":259.999915,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":312.2871150000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":231.402015,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.892715,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":204.5364,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":24.5364,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429284.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840819.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1774,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.754,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.5766,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5766},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":283.754,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.754},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.9315},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.42,"elongation":6.577},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.42,"opposition_distance":173.423}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.282216112819327,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:26","moonsetLocal":"18:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.917488159280705,"endHours":11.32776517338312,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.148319201587952,"endHours":15.558596215690368,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.096934131075872,"endHours":8.507211145178289,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.729451224067049,"endHours":10.105525094494359,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.567026469110011,"endHours":7.867885565451859,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.361968317058226,"endHours":13.114116057912847,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.592638649366629,"endHours":6.34478639022125,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.156749455007595,"endHours":7.096934131075872,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:22","startHours":14.618411539622091,"endHours":15.370559280476712,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.1791502438952,"endHours":18.5791502438952,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:51","startHours":18.3791502438952,"endHours":18.84924258192934,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.1291502438952,"endHours":19.8791502438952,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.361968317058224,"endHours":25.11411605791285,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.096934131075872,"endHours":8.507211145178289,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.507211145178289,"endHours":9.917488159280705,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.917488159280705,"endHours":11.32776517338312,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.32776517338312,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.148319201587952,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.148319201587952,"endHours":15.558596215690368,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.558596215690368,"endHours":16.968873229792784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.968873229792784,"endHours":18.3791502438952,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:23","end":"19:58","startHours":18.3791502438952,"endHours":19.968873229792784,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.968873229792784,"endHours":21.55859621569037,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.55859621569037,"endHours":23.148319201587952,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:09","end":"00:44","startHours":23.148319201587952,"endHours":24.738042187485537,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:44","end":"02:20","startHours":24.738042187485537,"endHours":26.32776517338312,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.32776517338312,"endHours":27.917488159280705,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.917488159280705,"endHours":29.50721114517829,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.50721114517829,"endHours":31.096934131075873,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.096934131075872,"endHours":8.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.096934131075873,"endHours":9.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.096934131075873,"endHours":10.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.096934131075873,"endHours":11.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.096934131075873,"endHours":12.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.096934131075873,"endHours":13.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.096934131075873,"endHours":14.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.096934131075873,"endHours":15.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.096934131075873,"endHours":16.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.096934131075873,"endHours":17.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.096934131075873,"endHours":18.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.096934131075873,"endHours":19.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.096934131075873,"endHours":20.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.096934131075873,"endHours":21.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.096934131075873,"endHours":22.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.096934131075873,"endHours":23.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.096934131075873,"endHours":24.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.096934131075873,"endHours":25.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.096934131075873,"endHours":26.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.096934131075873,"endHours":27.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.096934131075873,"endHours":28.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.096934131075873,"endHours":29.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.096934131075873,"endHours":30.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.096934131075873,"endHours":31.096934131075873,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.127087335874094,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.0016}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"magha-gupta-navratri-start","name":"Māgha Gupta Navrātri Start","name_sanskrit":"माघ गुप्त नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī (10 Mahāvidyās)","significance":"Hidden (gupta) Navrātri for advanced sādhanā of 10 Mahāvidyās.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:49.249Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:49.249Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:49.249Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}