{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429279.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840814.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0472,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":220.3617,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.3144,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.3144},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":220.3617,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0283},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.4089},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429279.770833,"ahargana":1840814.2708,"kali_year":5040,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0014,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.00650599999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":222.447806,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.206},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":209.63160600000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":252.83670600000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":311.200606,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":226.831506,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.591106,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":204.8013,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":24.8013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429279.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840814.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0472,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":220.3617,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.3144,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.3144},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":220.3617,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0283},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.4089},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.206,"elongation":51.686},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.206,"opposition_distance":128.314}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":11.237113209409468,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:49","moonsetLocal":"15:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.498077572167743,"endHours":9.902716723343927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.307355874520109,"endHours":12.711995025696293,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:31","startHours":14.116634176872477,"endHours":15.521273328048661,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:05","startHours":9.715431503187101,"endHours":10.090001943500752,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.561651471383621,"endHours":7.86130782363454,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:05","startHours":12.337424585382646,"endHours":13.086565466009944,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.595156659736964,"endHours":6.344297540364262,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.157012320207437,"endHours":7.09343842099156,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:35","end":"15:20","startHours":14.58484722726454,"endHours":15.333988107891837,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.13055163040103,"endHours":18.53055163040103,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:48","startHours":18.33055163040103,"endHours":18.79876468079309,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.08055163040103,"endHours":19.83055163040103,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:05","startHours":24.33742458538265,"endHours":25.086565466009944,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.09343842099156,"endHours":8.498077572167743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.498077572167743,"endHours":9.902716723343927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:54","end":"11:18","startHours":9.902716723343927,"endHours":11.307355874520109,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.307355874520109,"endHours":12.711995025696293,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:43","end":"14:07","startHours":12.711995025696293,"endHours":14.116634176872477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:07","end":"15:31","startHours":14.116634176872477,"endHours":15.521273328048661,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:31","end":"16:56","startHours":15.521273328048661,"endHours":16.925912479224845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:56","end":"18:20","startHours":16.925912479224845,"endHours":18.33055163040103,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:20","end":"19:56","startHours":18.33055163040103,"endHours":19.925912479224845,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:56","end":"21:31","startHours":19.925912479224845,"endHours":21.52127332804866,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:31","end":"23:07","startHours":21.52127332804866,"endHours":23.11663417687248,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:07","end":"00:43","startHours":23.11663417687248,"endHours":24.711995025696297,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:43","end":"02:18","startHours":24.711995025696297,"endHours":26.307355874520113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:18","end":"03:54","startHours":26.307355874520113,"endHours":27.90271672334393,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:54","end":"05:30","startHours":27.90271672334393,"endHours":29.498077572167745,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.498077572167745,"endHours":31.09343842099156,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.09343842099156,"endHours":8.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.09343842099156,"endHours":9.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.09343842099156,"endHours":10.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.09343842099156,"endHours":11.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.09343842099156,"endHours":12.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.09343842099156,"endHours":13.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.09343842099156,"endHours":14.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.09343842099156,"endHours":15.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.09343842099156,"endHours":16.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09343842099156,"endHours":17.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09343842099156,"endHours":18.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09343842099156,"endHours":19.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09343842099156,"endHours":20.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09343842099156,"endHours":21.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09343842099156,"endHours":22.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09343842099156,"endHours":23.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09343842099156,"endHours":24.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09343842099156,"endHours":25.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09343842099156,"endHours":26.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09343842099156,"endHours":27.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09343842099156,"endHours":28.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09343842099156,"endHours":29.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09343842099156,"endHours":30.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09343842099156,"endHours":31.09343842099156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.127517027479975,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.0014}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"shattila-ekadashi","name":"Ṣaṭ-tilā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"षट्तिला एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Six uses of tila (sesame) on this Ekādaśī confer mokṣa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:52.441Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:52.441Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:52.441Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}