{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1939-01-07:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-01-07","date_display":"January 7, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429270.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840805.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.8011,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.489,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.6879,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6879},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":97.489,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1556},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":0.29},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429270.770833,"ahargana":1840805.2708,"kali_year":5040,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0011,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.83664999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.28645,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2844},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":204.07484999999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":241.11185,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":309.32044999999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":219.36355000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.15015,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":205.2782,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":25.2782,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":1,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429270.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840805.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.8011,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.489,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.6879,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6879},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":97.489,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1556},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":0.29},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.284,"elongation":165.312},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.284,"opposition_distance":14.688}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":11.17439130097754,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 10 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 49 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:18","moonsetLocal":"08:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.861716746545943,"endHours":11.258515659168136,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:03","end":"15:27","startHours":14.05211348441252,"endHours":15.448912397034713,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.068118921301558,"endHours":8.46491783392375,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:41","end":"10:03","startHours":9.675476891529652,"endHours":10.047956601562236,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:50","startHours":7.533718558842288,"endHours":7.831702326868356,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:02","startHours":12.282834861757744,"endHours":13.027794281822912,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:19","startHours":5.578200081171219,"endHours":6.323159501236389,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:04","startHours":6.136919646220096,"endHours":7.068118921301558,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:16","startHours":14.517713121953252,"endHours":15.262672542018421,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.0425102222791,"endHours":18.442510222279097,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:42","startHours":18.242510222279098,"endHours":18.708109859819828,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":17.992510222279098,"endHours":19.742510222279098,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:02","startHours":24.282834861757742,"endHours":25.027794281822914,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.068118921301558,"endHours":8.46491783392375,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:28","end":"09:52","startHours":8.46491783392375,"endHours":9.861716746545943,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.861716746545943,"endHours":11.258515659168136,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:16","end":"12:39","startHours":11.258515659168136,"endHours":12.655314571790328,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:39","end":"14:03","startHours":12.655314571790328,"endHours":14.05211348441252,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:03","end":"15:27","startHours":14.05211348441252,"endHours":15.448912397034713,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:27","end":"16:51","startHours":15.448912397034713,"endHours":16.845711309656906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:51","end":"18:15","startHours":16.845711309656906,"endHours":18.242510222279098,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:15","end":"19:51","startHours":18.242510222279098,"endHours":19.845711309656906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:51","end":"21:27","startHours":19.845711309656906,"endHours":21.44891239703471,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:27","end":"23:03","startHours":21.44891239703471,"endHours":23.05211348441252,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:03","end":"00:39","startHours":23.05211348441252,"endHours":24.655314571790328,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:39","end":"02:16","startHours":24.655314571790328,"endHours":26.258515659168136,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:16","end":"03:52","startHours":26.258515659168136,"endHours":27.861716746545945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:52","end":"05:28","startHours":27.861716746545945,"endHours":29.46491783392375,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:28","end":"07:04","startHours":29.46491783392375,"endHours":31.068118921301558,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.068118921301558,"endHours":8.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.068118921301558,"endHours":9.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.068118921301558,"endHours":10.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.068118921301558,"endHours":11.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.068118921301558,"endHours":12.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.068118921301558,"endHours":13.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.068118921301558,"endHours":14.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.068118921301558,"endHours":15.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.068118921301558,"endHours":16.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.068118921301558,"endHours":17.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.068118921301558,"endHours":18.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.068118921301558,"endHours":19.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.068118921301558,"endHours":20.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.068118921301558,"endHours":21.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.068118921301558,"endHours":22.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.068118921301558,"endHours":23.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.068118921301558,"endHours":24.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.068118921301558,"endHours":25.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.068118921301558,"endHours":26.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.068118921301558,"endHours":27.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.068118921301558,"endHours":28.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.068118921301558,"endHours":29.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.068118921301558,"endHours":30.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.068118921301558,"endHours":31.068118921301558,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.496927989728277,"eotMinutes":-6.292074307419696,"ayanamsa":23.0011}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 7, 1939 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 7, 1939 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1939-01-07"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T03:33:53.488Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T03:33:53.488Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T03:33:53.488Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}