{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1938-04-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1938-04-25","date_display":"April 25, 1938 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1938,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429013.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840548.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.4196,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":307.3679,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":295.9483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9483},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":307.3679,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7012},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.7875},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1938,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429013.770833,"ahargana":1840548.2708,"kali_year":5040,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.9913,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.187269000000015,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":305.9750690000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4984},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":38.75756899999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":7.044369000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":305.123069,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":31.839568999999983,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.714169,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":218.8953,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":38.8953,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1938,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429013.770833,"kali_year":5040,"ahargana":1840548.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.4196,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":307.3679,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":295.9483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9483},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":307.3679,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7012},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.7875},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"elongation":64.052},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"opposition_distance":115.948}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.81,"opposition_distance":2.226}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:12","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":12.645281566963131,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 38 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 21 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:22","moonsetLocal":"13:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:47","end":"09:21","startHours":7.775388434421037,"endHours":9.35604863029143,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:56","end":"12:31","startHours":10.93670882616182,"endHours":12.517369022032213,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.098029217902603,"endHours":15.678689413772993,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:09","end":"09:34","startHours":9.145293937508711,"endHours":9.566803323074147,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:04","startHours":6.721614970507444,"endHours":7.058822478959794,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:56","startHours":12.095859636466773,"endHours":12.938878407597649,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:31","end":"05:21","startHours":4.5086906962888955,"endHours":5.351709467419771,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:12","startHours":5.140954774637052,"endHours":6.194728238550646,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.6249159498594,"endHours":15.467934720990275,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.640009805513778,"endHours":19.040009805513776,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:22","startHours":18.840009805513777,"endHours":19.366896537470573,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.590009805513777,"endHours":20.340009805513777,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:56","startHours":24.095859636466777,"endHours":24.93887840759765,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:12","end":"07:47","startHours":6.194728238550646,"endHours":7.775388434421037,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:47","end":"09:21","startHours":7.775388434421037,"endHours":9.35604863029143,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:21","end":"10:56","startHours":9.35604863029143,"endHours":10.93670882616182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:56","end":"12:31","startHours":10.93670882616182,"endHours":12.517369022032213,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:31","end":"14:06","startHours":12.517369022032213,"endHours":14.098029217902603,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.098029217902603,"endHours":15.678689413772993,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.678689413772993,"endHours":17.259349609643387,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:16","end":"18:50","startHours":17.259349609643387,"endHours":18.840009805513777,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:50","end":"20:16","startHours":18.840009805513777,"endHours":20.259349609643387,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:16","end":"21:41","startHours":20.259349609643387,"endHours":21.678689413772993,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.678689413772993,"endHours":23.098029217902603,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:06","end":"00:31","startHours":23.098029217902603,"endHours":24.517369022032213,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:31","end":"01:56","startHours":24.517369022032213,"endHours":25.93670882616182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:56","end":"03:21","startHours":25.93670882616182,"endHours":27.35604863029143,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:21","end":"04:47","startHours":27.35604863029143,"endHours":28.77538843442104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:47","end":"06:12","startHours":28.77538843442104,"endHours":30.194728238550645,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":6.194728238550646,"endHours":7.194728238550646,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.194728238550646,"endHours":8.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.194728238550645,"endHours":9.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.194728238550645,"endHours":10.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.194728238550645,"endHours":11.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.194728238550645,"endHours":12.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.194728238550645,"endHours":13.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.194728238550645,"endHours":14.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.194728238550645,"endHours":15.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.194728238550645,"endHours":16.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.194728238550645,"endHours":17.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.194728238550645,"endHours":18.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.194728238550645,"endHours":19.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.194728238550645,"endHours":20.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.194728238550645,"endHours":21.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.194728238550645,"endHours":22.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.194728238550645,"endHours":23.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.194728238550645,"endHours":24.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.194728238550645,"endHours":25.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.194728238550645,"endHours":26.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.194728238550645,"endHours":27.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.194728238550645,"endHours":28.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.194728238550645,"endHours":29.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.194728238550645,"endHours":30.194728238550645,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":12.910911445800245,"eotMinutes":1.9846586780673228,"ayanamsa":22.9913}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1995,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1860,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1345,"malayalam_era":1114,"nanakshahi_year":469,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 1995 Khara · Śaka 1860 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 25, 1938 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 25, 1938 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:12, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-04-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:17:56.437Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:17:56.437Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T11:17:56.437Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}