{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1938-01-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1938-01-08","date_display":"January 8, 1938 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1938,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428906.770833,"kali_year":5039,"ahargana":1840441.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.0949,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":338.4128,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.3179,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3179},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":338.4128,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0795},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.5077},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1938,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428906.770833,"ahargana":1840441.2708,"kali_year":5039,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.9872,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.117757,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":335.13745700000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1151},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":320.98795700000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":247.32565699999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":282.020357,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":258.508057,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.039257,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":224.5646,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":44.5646,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1938,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428906.770833,"kali_year":5039,"ahargana":1840441.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.0949,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":338.4128,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.3179,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3179},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":338.4128,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0795},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.5077},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.115,"elongation":74.318},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.115,"opposition_distance":105.682}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.181531583037255,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 10 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 49 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:22","moonsetLocal":"23:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.866759664796142,"endHours":11.2644511126758,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:04","end":"15:27","startHours":14.059834008435114,"endHours":15.45752545631477,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.071376769036829,"endHours":8.469068216916487,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:41","end":"10:03","startHours":9.680400805078854,"endHours":10.05311852451343,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:50","startHours":7.5372739183300475,"endHours":7.835448093877708,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:02","startHours":12.28942484112088,"endHours":13.034860279990031,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.580505891298528,"endHours":6.325941330167678,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:04","startHours":6.1395824704503905,"endHours":7.071376769036829,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:16","startHours":14.525731157728332,"endHours":15.271166596597482,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.052908352074084,"endHours":18.452908352074083,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:43","startHours":18.252908352074083,"endHours":18.718805501367303,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":18.002908352074083,"endHours":19.752908352074083,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:02","startHours":24.28942484112088,"endHours":25.03486027999003,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.071376769036829,"endHours":8.469068216916487,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:28","end":"09:52","startHours":8.469068216916487,"endHours":9.866759664796142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.866759664796142,"endHours":11.2644511126758,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:16","end":"12:40","startHours":11.2644511126758,"endHours":12.662142560555456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:40","end":"14:04","startHours":12.662142560555456,"endHours":14.059834008435114,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:04","end":"15:27","startHours":14.059834008435114,"endHours":15.45752545631477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:27","end":"16:51","startHours":15.45752545631477,"endHours":16.855216904194428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:51","end":"18:15","startHours":16.855216904194428,"endHours":18.252908352074083,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:15","end":"19:51","startHours":18.252908352074083,"endHours":19.855216904194428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:51","end":"21:27","startHours":19.855216904194428,"endHours":21.45752545631477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:27","end":"23:04","startHours":21.45752545631477,"endHours":23.05983400843511,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:04","end":"00:40","startHours":23.05983400843511,"endHours":24.662142560555456,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:40","end":"02:16","startHours":24.662142560555456,"endHours":26.2644511126758,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:16","end":"03:52","startHours":26.2644511126758,"endHours":27.86675966479614,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:52","end":"05:28","startHours":27.86675966479614,"endHours":29.469068216916483,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:28","end":"07:04","startHours":29.469068216916483,"endHours":31.071376769036828,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.071376769036829,"endHours":8.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.071376769036828,"endHours":9.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.071376769036828,"endHours":10.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.071376769036828,"endHours":11.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.071376769036828,"endHours":12.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.071376769036828,"endHours":13.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.071376769036828,"endHours":14.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.071376769036828,"endHours":15.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.071376769036828,"endHours":16.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.071376769036828,"endHours":17.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.071376769036828,"endHours":18.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.071376769036828,"endHours":19.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.071376769036828,"endHours":20.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.071376769036828,"endHours":21.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.071376769036828,"endHours":22.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.071376769036828,"endHours":23.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.071376769036828,"endHours":24.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.071376769036828,"endHours":25.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.071376769036828,"endHours":26.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.071376769036828,"endHours":27.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.071376769036828,"endHours":28.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.071376769036828,"endHours":29.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.071376769036828,"endHours":30.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.071376769036828,"endHours":31.071376769036828,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.342341760415483,"eotMinutes":-6.7017536333273355,"ayanamsa":22.9872}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1995,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1860,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1345,"malayalam_era":1114,"nanakshahi_year":469,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 1995 Khara · Śaka 1860 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 8, 1938 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 8, 1938 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1938-01-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T20:59:34.164Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T20:59:34.164Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T20:59:34.164Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}