{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1937-12-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1937-12-19","date_display":"December 19, 1937 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1937,"month":12,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428886.770833,"kali_year":5039,"ahargana":1840421.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.5384,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.4859,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.9475,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9475},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":80.4859,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4859},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":324.0242},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1937,"month":12,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428886.770833,"ahargana":1840421.2708,"kali_year":5039,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.9864,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.73752100000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":81.60292099999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5704},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":305.853121,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":263.3493209999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":277.5214209999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.33832099999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":336.0948209999999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.6243,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.6243,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1937,"month":12,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2428886.770833,"kali_year":5039,"ahargana":1840421.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.5384,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.4859,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.9475,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9475},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":80.4859,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4859},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":324.0242},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.57,"elongation":163.053},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.57,"opposition_distance":16.947}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-16,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.204,"elongation":1.927}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:57","sunsetLocal":"18:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":11.132549297566449,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:11","moonsetLocal":"08:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:41","end":"18:05","startHours":16.68647881385194,"endHours":18.078047476047747,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:31","end":"13:54","startHours":12.511772827264522,"endHours":13.903341489460328,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:18","end":"16:41","startHours":15.294910151656133,"endHours":16.68647881385194,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:33","end":"09:55","startHours":9.543093014580135,"endHours":9.914177991165683,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:25","end":"07:42","startHours":7.409354399213233,"endHours":7.706222380481671,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:53","startHours":12.140687850678974,"endHours":12.88285780385007,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:28","end":"06:12","startHours":5.461158272139103,"endHours":6.203328225310201,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:01","end":"06:57","startHours":6.017785737017427,"endHours":6.945498178481297,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:07","startHours":14.367197710192261,"endHours":15.109367663363358,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:53","end":"18:17","startHours":17.878047476047747,"endHours":18.278047476047746,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:05","end":"18:33","startHours":18.078047476047747,"endHours":18.54190369677968,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.828047476047747,"endHours":19.578047476047747,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:53","startHours":24.140687850678972,"endHours":24.882857803850072,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:57","end":"08:20","startHours":6.945498178481297,"endHours":8.337066840677103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:20","end":"09:44","startHours":8.337066840677103,"endHours":9.728635502872908,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:44","end":"11:07","startHours":9.728635502872908,"endHours":11.120204165068715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:07","end":"12:31","startHours":11.120204165068715,"endHours":12.511772827264522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"13:54","startHours":12.511772827264522,"endHours":13.903341489460328,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:54","end":"15:18","startHours":13.903341489460328,"endHours":15.294910151656133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:18","end":"16:41","startHours":15.294910151656133,"endHours":16.68647881385194,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:41","end":"18:05","startHours":16.68647881385194,"endHours":18.078047476047747,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:05","end":"19:41","startHours":18.078047476047747,"endHours":19.68647881385194,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:41","end":"21:18","startHours":19.68647881385194,"endHours":21.294910151656133,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:18","end":"22:54","startHours":21.294910151656133,"endHours":22.903341489460328,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:54","end":"00:31","startHours":22.903341489460328,"endHours":24.511772827264522,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:31","end":"02:07","startHours":24.511772827264522,"endHours":26.120204165068717,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:07","end":"03:44","startHours":26.120204165068717,"endHours":27.728635502872912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:44","end":"05:20","startHours":27.728635502872912,"endHours":29.337066840677103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:20","end":"06:57","startHours":29.337066840677103,"endHours":30.945498178481298,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.945498178481297,"endHours":7.945498178481297,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.945498178481297,"endHours":8.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.945498178481298,"endHours":9.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.945498178481298,"endHours":10.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.945498178481298,"endHours":11.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.945498178481298,"endHours":12.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.945498178481298,"endHours":13.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.945498178481298,"endHours":14.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.945498178481298,"endHours":15.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.945498178481298,"endHours":16.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.945498178481298,"endHours":17.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.945498178481298,"endHours":18.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.945498178481298,"endHours":19.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.945498178481298,"endHours":20.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.945498178481298,"endHours":21.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.945498178481298,"endHours":22.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.945498178481298,"endHours":23.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.945498178481298,"endHours":24.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.945498178481298,"endHours":25.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.945498178481298,"endHours":26.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.945498178481298,"endHours":27.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.945498178481298,"endHours":28.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":28.945498178481298,"endHours":29.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":29.945498178481298,"endHours":30.945498178481298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.395915945997242,"eotMinutes":2.3204303641286352,"ayanamsa":22.9864}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1994,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1859,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1344,"malayalam_era":1113,"nanakshahi_year":468,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 1994 Vikṛti · Śaka 1859 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 19, 1937 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 19, 1937 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:57, sūryāsta 18:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1937-12-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T14:30:24.646Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T14:30:24.646Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T14:30:24.646Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}