{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1931-03-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1931-03-29","date_display":"March 29, 1931 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426429.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837964.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.8327,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4234,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":116.5908,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5908},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":101.4234,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0901},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":86.2561},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1931,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426429.770833,"ahargana":1837964.2708,"kali_year":5032,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.8924,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.501797,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.95259699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3336},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.82719700000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":358.323897,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.97139700000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":304.86259700000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":269.746397,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":355.808,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":175.808,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426429.770833,"kali_year":5032,"ahargana":1837964.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.8327,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4234,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":116.5908,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5908},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":101.4234,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0901},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":86.2561},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.334,"elongation":116.591},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.334,"opposition_distance":63.409}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":20,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.779,"elongation":0.295}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:31","sunsetLocal":"18:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.23365212587597,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 14 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 45 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:44","moonsetLocal":"02:40","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:45","startHours":17.226399709653105,"endHours":18.755606225387602,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.638780162449617,"endHours":14.167986678184112,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697193193918608,"endHours":17.226399709653105,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:23","end":"09:47","startHours":9.376472928882691,"endHours":9.784261333078556,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:02","end":"07:21","startHours":7.031689604756463,"endHours":7.357920328113155,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"13:03","startHours":12.23099175825375,"endHours":13.046568566645483,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:42","startHours":4.890800482728168,"endHours":5.7063772911198996,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:30","end":"06:31","startHours":5.5024830890219665,"endHours":6.521954099511631,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:30","startHours":14.677722183428944,"endHours":15.493298991820675,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:33","end":"18:57","startHours":18.555606225387603,"endHours":18.9556062253876,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:45","end":"19:16","startHours":18.755606225387602,"endHours":19.265341730632436,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:30","end":"20:15","startHours":18.505606225387602,"endHours":20.255606225387602,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"01:03","startHours":24.23099175825375,"endHours":25.046568566645483,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:31","end":"08:03","startHours":6.521954099511631,"endHours":8.051160615246127,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:03","end":"09:35","startHours":8.051160615246127,"endHours":9.580367130980623,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:35","end":"11:07","startHours":9.580367130980623,"endHours":11.10957364671512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:07","end":"12:38","startHours":11.10957364671512,"endHours":12.638780162449617,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.638780162449617,"endHours":14.167986678184112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.167986678184112,"endHours":15.697193193918608,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.697193193918608,"endHours":17.226399709653105,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:14","end":"18:45","startHours":17.226399709653105,"endHours":18.755606225387602,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:45","end":"20:14","startHours":18.755606225387602,"endHours":20.226399709653105,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.226399709653105,"endHours":21.697193193918608,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.697193193918608,"endHours":23.167986678184114,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:10","end":"00:38","startHours":23.167986678184114,"endHours":24.638780162449617,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:38","end":"02:07","startHours":24.638780162449617,"endHours":26.10957364671512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:07","end":"03:35","startHours":26.10957364671512,"endHours":27.580367130980626,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:35","end":"05:03","startHours":27.580367130980626,"endHours":29.05116061524613,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:03","end":"06:31","startHours":29.05116061524613,"endHours":30.521954099511632,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.521954099511631,"endHours":7.521954099511631,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.521954099511631,"endHours":8.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.521954099511632,"endHours":9.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.521954099511632,"endHours":10.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.521954099511632,"endHours":11.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.521954099511632,"endHours":12.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.521954099511632,"endHours":13.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.521954099511632,"endHours":14.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.521954099511632,"endHours":15.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.521954099511632,"endHours":16.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.521954099511632,"endHours":17.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.521954099511632,"endHours":18.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.521954099511632,"endHours":19.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.521954099511632,"endHours":20.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.521954099511632,"endHours":21.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.521954099511632,"endHours":22.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.521954099511632,"endHours":23.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.521954099511632,"endHours":24.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.521954099511632,"endHours":25.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.521954099511632,"endHours":26.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.521954099511632,"endHours":27.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.521954099511632,"endHours":28.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.521954099511632,"endHours":29.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.521954099511632,"endHours":30.521954099511632,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.934037796434196,"eotMinutes":-5.300009746977087,"ayanamsa":22.8924}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1988,"vikram_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","saka_samvat":1853,"saka_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","bengali_samvat":1338,"malayalam_era":1107,"nanakshahi_year":462,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 1988 Tāraṇa · Śaka 1853 Prajāpati"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 29, 1931 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 29, 1931 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:31, sūryāsta 18:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1931-03-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:51:45.627Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:51:45.627Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T21:51:45.627Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}