{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1928-01-14:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1928-01-14","date_display":"January 14, 1928 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1928,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2425259.770833,"kali_year":5029,"ahargana":1836794.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.8358,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":170.6493,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.8135,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8135},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":170.6493,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6493},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":80.485},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1928,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2425259.770833,"ahargana":1836794.2708,"kali_year":5029,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.8477,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.78739900000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":170.709699,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1462},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":244.482299,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":273.983199,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":337.020899,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":230.07709899999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":232.27859899999999,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":57.8003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":237.8003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1928,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2425259.770833,"kali_year":5029,"ahargana":1836794.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.8358,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":170.6493,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.8135,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8135},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":170.6493,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6493},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":80.485},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.146,"elongation":99.187},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.146,"opposition_distance":80.813}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":11.218495225289255,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:10","moonsetLocal":"12:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:54","end":"11:18","startHours":9.895781610333493,"endHours":11.298093513494651,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:30","startHours":14.102717319816964,"endHours":15.505029222978122,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.09115780401118,"endHours":8.493469707172338,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:05","startHours":9.708806689912006,"endHours":10.082756530754981,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:51","startHours":7.558595105064899,"endHours":7.85775497773928,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:04","startHours":12.326455575812831,"endHours":13.074355257498782,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:36","end":"06:21","startHours":5.59535844063928,"endHours":6.34325812232523,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.156283201903742,"endHours":7.09115780401118,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:19","startHours":14.570154620870683,"endHours":15.318054302556634,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:07","end":"18:31","startHours":18.109653029300436,"endHours":18.509653029300434,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:19","end":"18:47","startHours":18.309653029300435,"endHours":18.777090330354152,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:49","startHours":18.059653029300435,"endHours":19.809653029300435,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:04","startHours":24.32645557581283,"endHours":25.07435525749878,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.09115780401118,"endHours":8.493469707172338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.493469707172338,"endHours":9.895781610333493,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:54","end":"11:18","startHours":9.895781610333493,"endHours":11.298093513494651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:18","end":"12:42","startHours":11.298093513494651,"endHours":12.700405416655808,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:42","end":"14:06","startHours":12.700405416655808,"endHours":14.102717319816964,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:30","startHours":14.102717319816964,"endHours":15.505029222978122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:30","end":"16:54","startHours":15.505029222978122,"endHours":16.90734112613928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:54","end":"18:19","startHours":16.90734112613928,"endHours":18.309653029300435,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:19","end":"19:54","startHours":18.309653029300435,"endHours":19.90734112613928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:54","end":"21:30","startHours":19.90734112613928,"endHours":21.50502922297812,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:30","end":"23:06","startHours":21.50502922297812,"endHours":23.102717319816964,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:42","startHours":23.102717319816964,"endHours":24.70040541665581,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:42","end":"02:18","startHours":24.70040541665581,"endHours":26.29809351349465,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:18","end":"03:54","startHours":26.29809351349465,"endHours":27.895781610333493,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:54","end":"05:30","startHours":27.895781610333493,"endHours":29.493469707172338,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.493469707172338,"endHours":31.091157804011182,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.09115780401118,"endHours":8.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.09115780401118,"endHours":9.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.09115780401118,"endHours":10.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.09115780401118,"endHours":11.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.09115780401118,"endHours":12.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.09115780401118,"endHours":13.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.09115780401118,"endHours":14.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.09115780401118,"endHours":15.09115780401118,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.09115780401118,"endHours":16.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.091157804011182,"endHours":17.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.091157804011182,"endHours":18.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.091157804011182,"endHours":19.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.091157804011182,"endHours":20.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.091157804011182,"endHours":21.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.091157804011182,"endHours":22.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.091157804011182,"endHours":23.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.091157804011182,"endHours":24.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.091157804011182,"endHours":25.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.091157804011182,"endHours":26.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.091157804011182,"endHours":27.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.091157804011182,"endHours":28.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.091157804011182,"endHours":29.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.091157804011182,"endHours":30.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.091157804011182,"endHours":31.091157804011182,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.53669093246972,"eotMinutes":-8.99752499934842,"ayanamsa":22.8477}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1985,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","saka_samvat":1850,"saka_samvatsara":"Vibhava","bengali_samvat":1335,"malayalam_era":1104,"nanakshahi_year":459,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 1985 Vṛṣa · Śaka 1850 Vibhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 14, 1928 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 14, 1928 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1928-01-14"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T01:59:33.426Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T01:59:33.426Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T01:59:33.426Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}