{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1923-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1923-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 1923 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1923,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423539.770833,"kali_year":5025,"ahargana":1835074.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.1427,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.034,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":168.8913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.8913},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":185.034,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7007},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":201.1767},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1923,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423539.770833,"ahargana":1835074.2708,"kali_year":5025,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.7819,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.899016000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":183.84741600000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.6496},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":47.792816000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":36.783816,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":203.29671600000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":342.454416,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":172.68841599999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":148.9341,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":328.9341,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1923,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423539.770833,"kali_year":5025,"ahargana":1835074.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.1427,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.034,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":168.8913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.8913},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":185.034,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7007},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":201.1767},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.65,"elongation":168.891},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.65,"opposition_distance":11.109}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.709101175239262,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:52","moonsetLocal":"05:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:44","end":"09:20","startHours":7.738109372798574,"endHours":9.326747019703483,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:55","end":"12:30","startHours":10.91538466660839,"endHours":12.504022313513296,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.092659960418205,"endHours":15.681297607323113,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:32","startHours":9.114928666782827,"endHours":9.538565372624136,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:01","startHours":6.679017608195302,"endHours":7.017926972868349,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:56","startHours":12.080385607671987,"endHours":12.927659019354605,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:18","startHours":4.454924902528431,"endHours":5.302198314211049,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:09","startHours":5.090379961290394,"endHours":6.149471725893666,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.62220584271984,"endHours":15.469479254402458,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.658572901132928,"endHours":19.058572901132926,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:23","startHours":18.858572901132927,"endHours":19.388118783434564,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.608572901132927,"endHours":20.358572901132927,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:56","startHours":24.08038560767199,"endHours":24.927659019354603,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:09","end":"07:44","startHours":6.149471725893666,"endHours":7.738109372798574,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:44","end":"09:20","startHours":7.738109372798574,"endHours":9.326747019703483,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:20","end":"10:55","startHours":9.326747019703483,"endHours":10.91538466660839,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:55","end":"12:30","startHours":10.91538466660839,"endHours":12.504022313513296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"14:06","startHours":12.504022313513296,"endHours":14.092659960418205,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.092659960418205,"endHours":15.681297607323113,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.681297607323113,"endHours":17.26993525422802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:16","end":"18:52","startHours":17.26993525422802,"endHours":18.858572901132927,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:52","end":"20:16","startHours":18.858572901132927,"endHours":20.26993525422802,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:16","end":"21:41","startHours":20.26993525422802,"endHours":21.68129760732311,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.68129760732311,"endHours":23.092659960418203,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:06","end":"00:30","startHours":23.092659960418203,"endHours":24.504022313513296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"01:55","startHours":24.504022313513296,"endHours":25.91538466660839,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:55","end":"03:20","startHours":25.91538466660839,"endHours":27.326747019703483,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:20","end":"04:44","startHours":27.326747019703483,"endHours":28.738109372798572,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:44","end":"06:09","startHours":28.738109372798572,"endHours":30.149471725893665,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.149471725893666,"endHours":7.149471725893666,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.149471725893666,"endHours":8.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.149471725893665,"endHours":9.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.149471725893665,"endHours":10.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.149471725893665,"endHours":11.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.149471725893665,"endHours":12.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.149471725893665,"endHours":13.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.149471725893665,"endHours":14.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.149471725893665,"endHours":15.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.149471725893665,"endHours":16.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.149471725893665,"endHours":17.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.149471725893665,"endHours":18.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.149471725893665,"endHours":19.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.149471725893665,"endHours":20.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.149471725893665,"endHours":21.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.149471725893665,"endHours":22.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.149471725893665,"endHours":23.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.149471725893665,"endHours":24.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.149471725893665,"endHours":25.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.149471725893665,"endHours":26.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.149471725893665,"endHours":27.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.149471725893665,"endHours":28.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.149471725893665,"endHours":29.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.149471725893665,"endHours":30.149471725893665,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.393257179404118,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":22.7819}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1980,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","saka_samvat":1845,"saka_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","bengali_samvat":1330,"malayalam_era":1099,"nanakshahi_year":454,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 1980 Dhātṛ · Śaka 1845 Rudhirodgāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"buddha-purnima","name":"Buddha Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"बुद्ध पूर्णिमा","name_alternates":["Vesak","Vaiśākhī Pūrṇimā","Vesakha"],"tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Buddha (21st avatāra of Krishna per Bhāgavata 1.3.24)","deity_avatara_index":21,"significance":"Buddha's birth, enlightenment, and mahāparinirvāṇa all on this Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā. Most sacred Buddhist + Vaishnava day.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Day-long observance of compassion (karuṇā) and ahiṁsā; Buddha-stuti at sunset","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"buddha","historical_anchor":{"event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","date_julian":"-0562-04-11","location":"Lumbinī, Nepal"},"sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.3.24","Pāli Tipiṭaka","Buddhacarita by Aśvaghoṣa"]},{"id":"kurma-jayanti","name":"Kūrma Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"कूर्म जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Kūrma (2nd avatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":11,"significance":"Kūrma supports Mount Mandara during the Sāgara-mathana (churning of the cosmic ocean).","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.7-8"]},{"id":"chandika-jayanti","name":"Chaṇḍikā Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"चण्डिका जयन्ती","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Chaṇḍikā","significance":"Devī's fierce protective form. Often coincides with Buddha Pūrṇimā.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"chitra-paurnami","name":"Citrā Paurṇamī","name_sanskrit":"चित्रा पौर्णमी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Tamil regional Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā observance; honors Citragupta.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":6},{"id":"vaishakha-purnima-vrat","name":"Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā Vrat","name_sanskrit":"वैशाख पूर्णिमा व्रत","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"General Pūrṇimā vrat in Vaiśākha (highly auspicious month).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"buddha-purnima-walk","name":"Buddha Pūrṇimā Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुद्ध पूर्णिमा यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Bhāgavata 1.3.24 (Buddha as 21st avatāra) + BG 12.13 (compassion) + Dhammapada parallels.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/buddha-purnima-walk"},"reason":"Today is Buddha Pūrṇimā — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 1923 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 1923 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T22:29:50.941Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T22:29:50.941Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T22:29:50.941Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}