{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1923-03-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1923-03-18","date_display":"March 18, 1923 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1923,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423496.770833,"kali_year":5024,"ahargana":1835031.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":334.0011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":341.1836,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":7.1825,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1825},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":341.1836,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.8502},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.1846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1923,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423496.770833,"ahargana":1835031.2708,"kali_year":5024,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.7803,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.6445590000001,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":339.043359,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.7784},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":18.22145899999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":316.02725899999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":207.21175900000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":291.788359,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":175.878059,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":151.2125,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":331.2125,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1923,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2423496.770833,"kali_year":5024,"ahargana":1835031.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":334.0011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":341.1836,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":7.1825,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1825},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":341.1836,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.8502},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.1846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.778,"elongation":7.183},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.778,"opposition_distance":172.817}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.212,"opposition_distance":2.637}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:40","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":12.059113357461335,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 03 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 56 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:00","moonsetLocal":"19:07","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:44","startHours":17.218679076373217,"endHours":18.726068246055885,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:42","end":"14:12","startHours":12.696511567325217,"endHours":14.203900737007883,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.71128990669055,"endHours":17.218679076373217,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:53","startHours":9.480748005335528,"endHours":9.882718450584239,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:10","end":"07:29","startHours":7.169417945155438,"endHours":7.490994301354407,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:06","startHours":12.294541122076506,"endHours":13.098482012573928,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:04","end":"05:52","startHours":5.059073107599704,"endHours":5.863013998097126,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.662028775472771,"endHours":6.666954888594549,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:31","startHours":14.706363793568773,"endHours":15.510304684066195,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.526068246055885,"endHours":18.926068246055884,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:14","startHours":18.726068246055885,"endHours":19.228531302616773,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.476068246055885,"endHours":20.226068246055885,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:06","startHours":24.294541122076506,"endHours":25.09848201257393,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:40","end":"08:10","startHours":6.666954888594549,"endHours":8.174344058277216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:10","end":"09:41","startHours":8.174344058277216,"endHours":9.681733227959882,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:41","end":"11:11","startHours":9.681733227959882,"endHours":11.18912239764255,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:11","end":"12:42","startHours":11.18912239764255,"endHours":12.696511567325217,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:42","end":"14:12","startHours":12.696511567325217,"endHours":14.203900737007883,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:12","end":"15:43","startHours":14.203900737007883,"endHours":15.71128990669055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.71128990669055,"endHours":17.218679076373217,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:13","end":"18:44","startHours":17.218679076373217,"endHours":18.726068246055885,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:44","end":"20:13","startHours":18.726068246055885,"endHours":20.218679076373217,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.218679076373217,"endHours":21.711289906690553,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:43","end":"23:12","startHours":21.711289906690553,"endHours":23.203900737007885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:12","end":"00:42","startHours":23.203900737007885,"endHours":24.696511567325217,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:42","end":"02:11","startHours":24.696511567325217,"endHours":26.18912239764255,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:11","end":"03:41","startHours":26.18912239764255,"endHours":27.68173322795988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:41","end":"05:10","startHours":27.68173322795988,"endHours":29.174344058277217,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:10","end":"06:40","startHours":29.174344058277217,"endHours":30.66695488859455,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.666954888594549,"endHours":7.666954888594549,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.666954888594549,"endHours":8.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.66695488859455,"endHours":9.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.66695488859455,"endHours":10.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.66695488859455,"endHours":11.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.66695488859455,"endHours":12.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.66695488859455,"endHours":13.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.66695488859455,"endHours":14.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.66695488859455,"endHours":15.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.66695488859455,"endHours":16.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.66695488859455,"endHours":17.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.66695488859455,"endHours":18.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.66695488859455,"endHours":19.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.66695488859455,"endHours":20.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.66695488859455,"endHours":21.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.66695488859455,"endHours":22.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.66695488859455,"endHours":23.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.66695488859455,"endHours":24.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.66695488859455,"endHours":25.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.66695488859455,"endHours":26.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.66695488859455,"endHours":27.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.66695488859455,"endHours":28.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.66695488859455,"endHours":29.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":29.66695488859455,"endHours":30.66695488859455,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.4211728037276066,"eotMinutes":-8.763894039513033,"ayanamsa":22.7803}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1980,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","saka_samvat":1845,"saka_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","bengali_samvat":1330,"malayalam_era":1099,"nanakshahi_year":454,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 1980 Dhātṛ · Śaka 1845 Rudhirodgāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"chaitra-navratri-start","name":"Caitra Navrātri Start (Gudhi Padwā)","name_sanskrit":"चैत्र नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā (9 forms over 9 nights)","significance":"Spring Navrātri begins; Vasanta-pakṣa Devī worship. Maharashtra: Gudhi Padwā. South: Ugadi. Sindhi: Cheti Chand.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 18, 1923 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 18, 1923 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:40, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1923-03-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:32:50.742Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:32:50.742Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T03:32:50.742Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}