{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1917-03-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1917-03-20","date_display":"March 20, 1917 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1917,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2421307.770833,"kali_year":5018,"ahargana":1832842.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":336.5382,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.7495,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.2113,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2113},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.7495,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4161},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":272.2876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1917,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2421307.770833,"ahargana":1832842.2708,"kali_year":5018,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.6965,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":336.167595,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":292.81599499999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.1492},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":333.23349499999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":328.07309499999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":14.592195000000004,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":327.772595,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":91.579995,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":267.1962,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":87.1962,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1917,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2421307.770833,"kali_year":5018,"ahargana":1832842.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":336.5382,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.7495,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.2113,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2113},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.7495,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4161},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":272.2876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.149,"elongation":40.789},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.149,"opposition_distance":139.211}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:41","dayLengthHours":12.09788527192353,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 05 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 54 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:05","moonsetLocal":"15:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.710801072358795,"endHours":17.223036731349236,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:40","end":"11:10","startHours":9.66185843639703,"endHours":11.17409409538747,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:41","end":"14:12","startHours":12.686329754377912,"endHours":14.198565413368353,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:52","startHours":9.460227015198305,"endHours":9.863489857595756,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:28","startHours":7.141465671412961,"endHours":7.464075945330922,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:05","startHours":12.28306691198046,"endHours":13.089592596775363,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:01","end":"05:50","startHours":5.024335748826344,"endHours":5.830861433621245,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":5.62923001242252,"endHours":6.6373871184161475,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:31","startHours":14.70264396636517,"endHours":15.509169651160072,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.535272390339678,"endHours":18.935272390339676,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:14","startHours":18.735272390339677,"endHours":19.23935094333649,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.485272390339677,"endHours":20.235272390339677,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:05","startHours":24.283066911980463,"endHours":25.08959259677536,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:38","end":"08:09","startHours":6.6373871184161475,"endHours":8.149622777406588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:09","end":"09:40","startHours":8.149622777406588,"endHours":9.66185843639703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:40","end":"11:10","startHours":9.66185843639703,"endHours":11.17409409538747,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:10","end":"12:41","startHours":11.17409409538747,"endHours":12.686329754377912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:41","end":"14:12","startHours":12.686329754377912,"endHours":14.198565413368353,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:43","startHours":14.198565413368353,"endHours":15.710801072358795,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.710801072358795,"endHours":17.223036731349236,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:13","end":"18:44","startHours":17.223036731349236,"endHours":18.735272390339677,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:44","end":"20:13","startHours":18.735272390339677,"endHours":20.223036731349236,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.223036731349236,"endHours":21.710801072358795,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:43","end":"23:12","startHours":21.710801072358795,"endHours":23.198565413368353,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:12","end":"00:41","startHours":23.198565413368353,"endHours":24.686329754377912,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:41","end":"02:10","startHours":24.686329754377912,"endHours":26.17409409538747,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:10","end":"03:40","startHours":26.17409409538747,"endHours":27.66185843639703,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:40","end":"05:09","startHours":27.66185843639703,"endHours":29.149622777406588,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:09","end":"06:38","startHours":29.149622777406588,"endHours":30.637387118416147,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.6373871184161475,"endHours":7.6373871184161475,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.6373871184161475,"endHours":8.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.637387118416147,"endHours":9.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.637387118416147,"endHours":10.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.637387118416147,"endHours":11.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.637387118416147,"endHours":12.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.637387118416147,"endHours":13.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.637387118416147,"endHours":14.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.637387118416147,"endHours":15.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.637387118416147,"endHours":16.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.637387118416147,"endHours":17.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.637387118416147,"endHours":18.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.637387118416147,"endHours":19.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.637387118416147,"endHours":20.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.637387118416147,"endHours":21.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.637387118416147,"endHours":22.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.637387118416147,"endHours":23.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.637387118416147,"endHours":24.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.637387118416147,"endHours":25.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.637387118416147,"endHours":26.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.637387118416147,"endHours":27.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.637387118416147,"endHours":28.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.637387118416147,"endHours":29.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.637387118416147,"endHours":30.637387118416147,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.4517613776330728,"eotMinutes":-8.152985262674756,"ayanamsa":22.6965}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1974,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramoda","saka_samvat":1839,"saka_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","bengali_samvat":1324,"malayalam_era":1093,"nanakshahi_year":448,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 1974 Pramoda · Śaka 1839 Piṅgala"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 20, 1917 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 20, 1917 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1917-03-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:15:46.606Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:15:46.606Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T08:15:46.606Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}