{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1912-09-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1912-09-23","date_display":"September 23, 1912 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1912,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2419668.770833,"kali_year":5014,"ahargana":1831203.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.4747,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":296.6824,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.2077,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2077},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":296.6824,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.3491},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":93.1571},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1912,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2419668.770833,"ahargana":1831203.2708,"kali_year":5014,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.6339,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.00461700000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":298.713617,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.788},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":171.82131700000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":148.93971699999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":228.10161700000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":179.60011699999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":42.36551700000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":354.0383,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":174.0383,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1912,"month":9,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2419668.770833,"kali_year":5014,"ahargana":1831203.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.4747,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":296.6824,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.2077,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2077},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":296.6824,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.3491},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":93.1571},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.788,"elongation":140.208},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.788,"opposition_distance":39.792}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"18:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.12171494894307,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 07 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 52 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:07","moonsetLocal":"03:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.864202994150264,"endHours":9.379417362768148,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:54","end":"12:25","startHours":10.894631731386031,"endHours":12.409846100003914,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:56","end":"15:26","startHours":13.9250604686218,"endHours":15.440274837239683,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.177388780285764,"endHours":9.581445945250533,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.854060081738341,"endHours":7.177305813710157,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:49","startHours":12.005788935039146,"endHours":12.813903264968683,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:32","startHours":4.732759965673304,"endHours":5.540874295602842,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:20","end":"06:21","startHours":5.338845713120458,"endHours":6.34898862553238,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:14","startHours":14.43013192482776,"endHours":15.238246254757298,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:16","end":"18:40","startHours":18.27070357447545,"endHours":18.67070357447545,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:28","end":"18:59","startHours":18.47070357447545,"endHours":18.97577503068141,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:13","end":"19:58","startHours":18.22070357447545,"endHours":19.97070357447545,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:49","startHours":24.005788935039146,"endHours":24.813903264968683,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:21","end":"07:52","startHours":6.34898862553238,"endHours":7.864202994150264,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.864202994150264,"endHours":9.379417362768148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:23","end":"10:54","startHours":9.379417362768148,"endHours":10.894631731386031,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:54","end":"12:25","startHours":10.894631731386031,"endHours":12.409846100003914,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:25","end":"13:56","startHours":12.409846100003914,"endHours":13.9250604686218,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:56","end":"15:26","startHours":13.9250604686218,"endHours":15.440274837239683,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:26","end":"16:57","startHours":15.440274837239683,"endHours":16.955489205857567,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:57","end":"18:28","startHours":16.955489205857567,"endHours":18.47070357447545,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:28","end":"19:57","startHours":18.47070357447545,"endHours":19.955489205857567,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:57","end":"21:26","startHours":19.955489205857567,"endHours":21.440274837239684,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:26","end":"22:56","startHours":21.440274837239684,"endHours":22.9250604686218,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:56","end":"00:25","startHours":22.9250604686218,"endHours":24.409846100003914,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:25","end":"01:54","startHours":24.409846100003914,"endHours":25.89463173138603,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:54","end":"03:23","startHours":25.89463173138603,"endHours":27.379417362768148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:23","end":"04:52","startHours":27.379417362768148,"endHours":28.86420299415026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:52","end":"06:21","startHours":28.86420299415026,"endHours":30.348988625532378,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.34898862553238,"endHours":7.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.34898862553238,"endHours":8.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.34898862553238,"endHours":9.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.34898862553238,"endHours":10.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.34898862553238,"endHours":11.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.34898862553238,"endHours":12.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.34898862553238,"endHours":13.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.34898862553238,"endHours":14.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.34898862553238,"endHours":15.34898862553238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.34898862553238,"endHours":16.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.348988625532378,"endHours":17.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.348988625532378,"endHours":18.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.348988625532378,"endHours":19.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.348988625532378,"endHours":20.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.348988625532378,"endHours":21.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.348988625532378,"endHours":22.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.348988625532378,"endHours":23.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.348988625532378,"endHours":24.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.348988625532378,"endHours":25.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.348988625532378,"endHours":26.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.348988625532378,"endHours":27.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.348988625532378,"endHours":28.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.348988625532378,"endHours":29.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.348988625532378,"endHours":30.348988625532378,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":0.14377272034031902,"eotMinutes":8.436033999765183,"ayanamsa":22.6339}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1969,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1834,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1319,"malayalam_era":1088,"nanakshahi_year":443,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1969 Krodhana · Śaka 1834 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[{"id":"vamana-jayanti","name":"Vāmana Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"वामन जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Vāmana (5th daśāvatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":15,"significance":"Vāmana's three-step measure of all worlds; Bali's surrender. (= Onam in Kerala.)","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":12,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.18-22"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 23, 1912 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 23, 1912 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 18:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1912-09-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:36:27.089Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:36:27.089Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T05:36:27.089Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}