{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1908-09-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-09-22","date_display":"September 22, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418206.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829741.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5311,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.6745,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.1434,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1434},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":114.6745,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0078},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.2055},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418206.770833,"ahargana":1829741.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5779,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.04967599999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":116.812276,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.0772},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":147.088076,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":179.99357599999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":130.596476,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":111.41967599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":346.050576,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":71.5021,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":251.5021,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418206.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829741.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5311,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.6745,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.1434,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1434},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":114.6745,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0078},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.2055},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.077,"elongation":40.857},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.077,"opposition_distance":139.143}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.137810325423736,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 08 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 51 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:27","moonsetLocal":"16:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:27","end":"16:58","startHours":15.450304187370627,"endHours":16.967530478048594,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:23","end":"10:54","startHours":9.381399024658759,"endHours":10.898625315336727,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"13:56","startHours":12.415851606014694,"endHours":13.93307789669266,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.179102185901698,"endHours":9.583695863415821,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.852688540195481,"endHours":7.1763634822067806,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:49","startHours":12.01125792850057,"endHours":12.82044528352882,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:32","startHours":4.728571733246327,"endHours":5.537759088274576,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:20","end":"06:21","startHours":5.335462249517514,"endHours":6.3469464433028255,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:15","startHours":14.438819993585316,"endHours":15.248007348613564,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.284756768726563,"endHours":18.68475676872656,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:59","startHours":18.484756768726562,"endHours":18.99049886561922,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.234756768726562,"endHours":19.984756768726562,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:49","startHours":24.01125792850057,"endHours":24.82044528352882,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:21","end":"07:52","startHours":6.3469464433028255,"endHours":7.8641727339807925,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.8641727339807925,"endHours":9.381399024658759,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:23","end":"10:54","startHours":9.381399024658759,"endHours":10.898625315336727,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:54","end":"12:25","startHours":10.898625315336727,"endHours":12.415851606014694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:25","end":"13:56","startHours":12.415851606014694,"endHours":13.93307789669266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:56","end":"15:27","startHours":13.93307789669266,"endHours":15.450304187370627,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:27","end":"16:58","startHours":15.450304187370627,"endHours":16.967530478048594,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:58","end":"18:29","startHours":16.967530478048594,"endHours":18.484756768726562,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"19:58","startHours":18.484756768726562,"endHours":19.967530478048594,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:58","end":"21:27","startHours":19.967530478048594,"endHours":21.450304187370627,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:27","end":"22:56","startHours":21.450304187370627,"endHours":22.933077896692662,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:56","end":"00:25","startHours":22.933077896692662,"endHours":24.415851606014694,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:25","end":"01:54","startHours":24.415851606014694,"endHours":25.898625315336727,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:54","end":"03:23","startHours":25.898625315336727,"endHours":27.381399024658762,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:23","end":"04:52","startHours":27.381399024658762,"endHours":28.864172733980794,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:52","end":"06:21","startHours":28.864172733980794,"endHours":30.346946443302826,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.3469464433028255,"endHours":7.3469464433028255,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.3469464433028255,"endHours":8.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.346946443302826,"endHours":9.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.346946443302826,"endHours":10.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.346946443302826,"endHours":11.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.346946443302826,"endHours":12.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.346946443302826,"endHours":13.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.346946443302826,"endHours":14.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.346946443302826,"endHours":15.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.346946443302826,"endHours":16.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.346946443302826,"endHours":17.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.346946443302826,"endHours":18.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.346946443302826,"endHours":19.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.346946443302826,"endHours":20.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.346946443302826,"endHours":21.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.346946443302826,"endHours":22.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.346946443302826,"endHours":23.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.346946443302826,"endHours":24.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.346946443302826,"endHours":25.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.346946443302826,"endHours":26.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.346946443302826,"endHours":27.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.346946443302826,"endHours":28.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.346946443302826,"endHours":29.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.346946443302826,"endHours":30.346946443302826,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":0.5458136334459743,"eotMinutes":8.075703639118354,"ayanamsa":22.5779}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 22, 1908 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 22, 1908 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1908-09-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T05:01:59.997Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T05:01:59.997Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-26T05:01:59.997Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}