{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1905-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1905-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 1905 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1905,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416996.770833,"kali_year":5007,"ahargana":1828531.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.4782,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":8.9373,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":322.4591,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4591},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":8.9373,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9373},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.4155},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1905,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416996.770833,"ahargana":1828531.2708,"kali_year":5007,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5317,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.379007,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":10.120607000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6078},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":199.070107,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":24.542507,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":28.335707000000014,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":9.73630700000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":311.53370700000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":135.6138,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":315.6138,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1905,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416996.770833,"kali_year":5007,"ahargana":1828531.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.4782,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":8.9373,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":322.4591,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4591},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":8.9373,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.9373},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.4155},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.608,"elongation":37.541},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.608,"opposition_distance":142.459}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"19:02","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":13.044336149155534,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 40 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 20 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:48","moonsetLocal":"16:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"14:08","startHours":12.50878722069767,"endHours":14.13932923934211,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.617161164764345,"endHours":9.247703183408786,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:53","end":"12:31","startHours":10.878245202053229,"endHours":12.50878722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.030297580922861,"endHours":9.465108785894712,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:32","end":"06:53","startHours":6.530133152334717,"endHours":6.8779821163121975,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:57","startHours":12.073976015725819,"endHours":12.94359842566952,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:07","startHours":4.2473743262324986,"endHours":5.116996736176201,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:59","startHours":4.899591133690276,"endHours":5.986619146119903,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:33","startHours":14.682843245556924,"endHours":15.552465655500626,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:50","end":"19:14","startHours":18.830955295275437,"endHours":19.230955295275436,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:02","end":"19:34","startHours":19.030955295275437,"endHours":19.57446930149025,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:32","startHours":18.780955295275437,"endHours":20.530955295275437,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:57","startHours":24.07397601572582,"endHours":24.94359842566952,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:59","end":"07:37","startHours":5.986619146119903,"endHours":7.617161164764345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.617161164764345,"endHours":9.247703183408786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:53","startHours":9.247703183408786,"endHours":10.878245202053229,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:53","end":"12:31","startHours":10.878245202053229,"endHours":12.50878722069767,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:31","end":"14:08","startHours":12.50878722069767,"endHours":14.13932923934211,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:08","end":"15:46","startHours":14.13932923934211,"endHours":15.769871257986553,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:46","end":"17:24","startHours":15.769871257986553,"endHours":17.400413276630996,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:24","end":"19:02","startHours":17.400413276630996,"endHours":19.030955295275437,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:02","end":"20:24","startHours":19.030955295275437,"endHours":20.400413276630996,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:24","end":"21:46","startHours":20.400413276630996,"endHours":21.76987125798655,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:46","end":"23:08","startHours":21.76987125798655,"endHours":23.13932923934211,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:08","end":"00:31","startHours":23.13932923934211,"endHours":24.50878722069767,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:31","end":"01:53","startHours":24.50878722069767,"endHours":25.87824520205323,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:53","end":"03:15","startHours":25.87824520205323,"endHours":27.247703183408788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:15","end":"04:37","startHours":27.247703183408788,"endHours":28.617161164764344,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:37","end":"05:59","startHours":28.617161164764344,"endHours":29.986619146119903,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.986619146119903,"endHours":6.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.986619146119903,"endHours":7.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.986619146119903,"endHours":8.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.986619146119903,"endHours":9.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.986619146119903,"endHours":10.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.986619146119903,"endHours":11.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.986619146119903,"endHours":12.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.986619146119903,"endHours":13.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.986619146119903,"endHours":14.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.986619146119903,"endHours":15.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.986619146119903,"endHours":16.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.986619146119903,"endHours":17.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.986619146119903,"endHours":18.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.986619146119903,"endHours":19.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.986619146119903,"endHours":20.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.986619146119903,"endHours":21.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.986619146119903,"endHours":22.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.986619146119903,"endHours":23.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.986619146119903,"endHours":24.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.986619146119903,"endHours":25.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.986619146119903,"endHours":26.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.986619146119903,"endHours":27.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.986619146119903,"endHours":28.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.986619146119903,"endHours":29.986619146119903,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.78301999166834,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":22.5317}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1962,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1827,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1312,"malayalam_era":1081,"nanakshahi_year":436,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 1962 Kālayukta · Śaka 1827 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 1905 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 1905 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 19:02.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1905-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:47:01.468Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:47:01.468Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:47:01.468Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}