{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1901-09-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-09-29","date_display":"September 29, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415656.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827191.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.2053,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":351.6168,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":189.4115,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4115},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":351.6168,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9501},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":153.8221},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415656.770833,"ahargana":1827191.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4804,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.712805,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":353.799505,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5791},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":207.96490500000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":185.95530499999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":253.51020500000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":202.687905,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":258.742205,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":206.6134,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":26.6134,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415656.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827191.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.2053,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":351.6168,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":189.4115,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4115},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":351.6168,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9501},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":153.8221},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.579,"elongation":170.588},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.579,"opposition_distance":9.412}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":12.033440914024283,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:57","moonsetLocal":"07:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:24","startHours":16.887727736695634,"endHours":18.39190785094867,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:23","end":"13:53","startHours":12.375187393936528,"endHours":13.879367508189564,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:23","end":"16:53","startHours":15.383547622442599,"endHours":16.887727736695634,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.166269816863387,"endHours":9.56738451399753,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.859860308342066,"endHours":7.18075206604938,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:47","startHours":11.974072696802386,"endHours":12.77630209107067,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:45","end":"05:33","startHours":4.7540081483878165,"endHours":5.556237542656103,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:21","end":"06:22","startHours":5.355680194089031,"endHours":6.358466936924388,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:23","end":"15:11","startHours":14.380760879607244,"endHours":15.18299027387553,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.19190785094867,"endHours":18.59190785094867,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:54","startHours":18.39190785094867,"endHours":18.893301222366347,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.14190785094867,"endHours":19.89190785094867,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:47","startHours":23.974072696802384,"endHours":24.776302091070672,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:22","end":"07:52","startHours":6.358466936924388,"endHours":7.862647051177423,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.862647051177423,"endHours":9.366827165430458,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:22","end":"10:52","startHours":9.366827165430458,"endHours":10.871007279683493,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:52","end":"12:23","startHours":10.871007279683493,"endHours":12.375187393936528,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:23","end":"13:53","startHours":12.375187393936528,"endHours":13.879367508189564,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:53","end":"15:23","startHours":13.879367508189564,"endHours":15.383547622442599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:23","end":"16:53","startHours":15.383547622442599,"endHours":16.887727736695634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:24","startHours":16.887727736695634,"endHours":18.39190785094867,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:24","end":"19:53","startHours":18.39190785094867,"endHours":19.887727736695634,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:53","end":"21:23","startHours":19.887727736695634,"endHours":21.3835476224426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:23","end":"22:53","startHours":21.3835476224426,"endHours":22.879367508189564,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:53","end":"00:23","startHours":22.879367508189564,"endHours":24.37518739393653,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:23","end":"01:52","startHours":24.37518739393653,"endHours":25.871007279683493,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:52","end":"03:22","startHours":25.871007279683493,"endHours":27.366827165430458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:22","end":"04:52","startHours":27.366827165430458,"endHours":28.862647051177422,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:22","startHours":28.862647051177422,"endHours":30.358466936924387,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.358466936924388,"endHours":7.358466936924388,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.358466936924388,"endHours":8.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.358466936924387,"endHours":9.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.358466936924387,"endHours":10.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.358466936924387,"endHours":11.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.358466936924387,"endHours":12.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.358466936924387,"endHours":13.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.358466936924387,"endHours":14.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.358466936924387,"endHours":15.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.358466936924387,"endHours":16.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.358466936924387,"endHours":17.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.358466936924387,"endHours":18.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.358466936924387,"endHours":19.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.358466936924387,"endHours":20.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.358466936924387,"endHours":21.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.358466936924387,"endHours":22.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.358466936924387,"endHours":23.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.358466936924387,"endHours":24.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.358466936924387,"endHours":25.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.358466936924387,"endHours":26.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.358466936924387,"endHours":27.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.358466936924387,"endHours":28.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.358466936924387,"endHours":29.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.358466936924387,"endHours":30.358466936924387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-2.063125039587776,"eotMinutes":10.515556363808276,"ayanamsa":22.4804}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 29, 1901 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 29, 1901 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:41:13.060Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T14:41:13.060Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T14:41:13.060Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}