{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1901-09-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-09-20","date_display":"September 20, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415647.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827182.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.3931,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.5471,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.1541,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1541},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.5471,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8805},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.9402},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415647.770833,"ahargana":1827182.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4801,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.89274799999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":232.49024800000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.1425},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":201.77094799999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":172.85844799999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":252.82414799999992,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":191.97594800000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":258.6022479999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.0903,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.0903,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415647.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827182.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.3931,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.5471,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.1541,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1541},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.5471,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8805},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.9402},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.143,"elongation":82.154},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.143,"opposition_distance":97.846}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.173714336320227,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 10 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 49 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:06","moonsetLocal":"23:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:54","end":"12:26","startHours":10.906283795267399,"endHours":12.427998087307426,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:28","end":"17:00","startHours":15.471426671387484,"endHours":16.99314096342751,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.862855211187341,"endHours":9.38456950322737,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.181674264288699,"endHours":9.587464742166041,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:10","startHours":6.84837901649399,"endHours":7.173011398795863,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:50","startHours":12.022207609430087,"endHours":12.833788565184769,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:43","end":"05:32","startHours":4.7179790076379495,"endHours":5.529559963392631,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":5.326664724453961,"endHours":6.341140919147313,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:16","startHours":14.456950476694132,"endHours":15.268531432448814,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.314855255467542,"endHours":18.71485525546754,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:01","startHours":18.51485525546754,"endHours":19.022093352814217,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.26485525546754,"endHours":20.01485525546754,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:50","startHours":24.02220760943009,"endHours":24.83378856518477,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:20","end":"07:52","startHours":6.341140919147313,"endHours":7.862855211187341,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.862855211187341,"endHours":9.38456950322737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:23","end":"10:54","startHours":9.38456950322737,"endHours":10.906283795267399,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:54","end":"12:26","startHours":10.906283795267399,"endHours":12.427998087307426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:26","end":"13:57","startHours":12.427998087307426,"endHours":13.949712379347456,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:57","end":"15:28","startHours":13.949712379347456,"endHours":15.471426671387484,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:28","end":"17:00","startHours":15.471426671387484,"endHours":16.99314096342751,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:00","end":"18:31","startHours":16.99314096342751,"endHours":18.51485525546754,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:31","end":"20:00","startHours":18.51485525546754,"endHours":19.993140963427514,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:00","end":"21:28","startHours":19.993140963427514,"endHours":21.471426671387484,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:28","end":"22:57","startHours":21.471426671387484,"endHours":22.949712379347456,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:57","end":"00:26","startHours":22.949712379347456,"endHours":24.42799808730743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:26","end":"01:54","startHours":24.42799808730743,"endHours":25.9062837952674,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:54","end":"03:23","startHours":25.9062837952674,"endHours":27.38456950322737,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:23","end":"04:52","startHours":27.38456950322737,"endHours":28.862855211187345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:52","end":"06:20","startHours":28.862855211187345,"endHours":30.341140919147314,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.341140919147313,"endHours":7.341140919147313,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.341140919147313,"endHours":8.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.341140919147314,"endHours":9.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.341140919147314,"endHours":10.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.341140919147314,"endHours":11.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.341140919147314,"endHours":12.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.341140919147314,"endHours":13.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.341140919147314,"endHours":14.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.341140919147314,"endHours":15.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.341140919147314,"endHours":16.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.341140919147314,"endHours":17.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.341140919147314,"endHours":18.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.341140919147314,"endHours":19.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.341140919147314,"endHours":20.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.341140919147314,"endHours":21.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.341140919147314,"endHours":22.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.341140919147314,"endHours":23.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.341140919147314,"endHours":24.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.341140919147314,"endHours":25.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.341140919147314,"endHours":26.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.341140919147314,"endHours":27.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.341140919147314,"endHours":28.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.341140919147314,"endHours":29.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.341140919147314,"endHours":30.341140919147314,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":1.4418248655288588,"eotMinutes":7.346914761554353,"ayanamsa":22.4801}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 20, 1901 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 20, 1901 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-09-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:19:31.689Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:19:31.689Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:19:31.689Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}