{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1901-05-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-05-20","date_display":"May 20, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":5,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415524.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827059.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.0216,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.7527,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":24.7311,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7311},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.7527,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4194},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":96.7743},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":5,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415524.770833,"ahargana":1827059.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4754,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":35.84274800000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.91444799999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.0514},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":132.08254799999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":43.62754799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":261.413548,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":42.28644800000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":264.75214800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":213.6074,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":33.6074,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":5,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415524.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827059.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.0216,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.7527,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":24.7311,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7311},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.7527,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4194},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":96.7743},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.051,"elongation":24.731},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.051,"opposition_distance":155.269}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-2,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.116,"elongation":1.881}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:01","sunsetLocal":"18:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.950328590215129,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:37","moonsetLocal":"20:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.634101561732906,"endHours":9.252892635509797,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.871683709286689,"endHours":12.49047478306358,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:44","startHours":14.10926585684047,"endHours":15.728056930617361,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.037053825672878,"endHours":9.468731445346716,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:33","end":"06:54","startHours":6.554907512548311,"endHours":6.900249608287382,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.058797163389741,"endHours":12.922152402737417,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:09","startHours":4.288600009260664,"endHours":5.151955248608339,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:56","end":"06:01","startHours":4.936116438771421,"endHours":6.015310487956015,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:31","startHours":14.648862881432766,"endHours":15.51221812078044,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:46","end":"19:10","startHours":18.765639078171144,"endHours":19.165639078171143,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:58","end":"19:30","startHours":18.965639078171144,"endHours":19.50523610276344,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:43","end":"20:28","startHours":18.715639078171144,"endHours":20.465639078171144,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.05879716338974,"endHours":24.922152402737417,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:01","end":"07:38","startHours":6.015310487956015,"endHours":7.634101561732906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.634101561732906,"endHours":9.252892635509797,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.252892635509797,"endHours":10.871683709286689,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.871683709286689,"endHours":12.49047478306358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:29","end":"14:07","startHours":12.49047478306358,"endHours":14.10926585684047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:07","end":"15:44","startHours":14.10926585684047,"endHours":15.728056930617361,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.728056930617361,"endHours":17.346848004394253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:21","end":"18:58","startHours":17.346848004394253,"endHours":18.965639078171144,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:58","end":"20:21","startHours":18.965639078171144,"endHours":20.346848004394253,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:21","end":"21:44","startHours":20.346848004394253,"endHours":21.728056930617363,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:44","end":"23:07","startHours":21.728056930617363,"endHours":23.10926585684047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:07","end":"00:29","startHours":23.10926585684047,"endHours":24.49047478306358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:29","end":"01:52","startHours":24.49047478306358,"endHours":25.87168370928669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:52","end":"03:15","startHours":25.87168370928669,"endHours":27.252892635509795,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:15","end":"04:38","startHours":27.252892635509795,"endHours":28.634101561732905,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:38","end":"06:01","startHours":28.634101561732905,"endHours":30.015310487956015,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":6.015310487956015,"endHours":7.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.015310487956015,"endHours":8.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.015310487956015,"endHours":9.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.015310487956015,"endHours":10.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.015310487956015,"endHours":11.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.015310487956015,"endHours":12.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.015310487956015,"endHours":13.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.015310487956015,"endHours":14.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.015310487956015,"endHours":15.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.015310487956015,"endHours":16.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.015310487956015,"endHours":17.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.015310487956015,"endHours":18.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.015310487956015,"endHours":19.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.015310487956015,"endHours":20.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.015310487956015,"endHours":21.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.015310487956015,"endHours":22.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.015310487956015,"endHours":23.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.015310487956015,"endHours":24.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.015310487956015,"endHours":25.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.015310487956015,"endHours":26.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.015310487956015,"endHours":27.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.015310487956015,"endHours":28.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.015310487956015,"endHours":29.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.015310487956015,"endHours":30.015310487956015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.783160590478733,"eotMinutes":3.5983130161851964,"ayanamsa":22.4754}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 20, 1901 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 20, 1901 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:01, sūryāsta 18:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-05-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T00:35:14.705Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T00:35:14.705Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T00:35:14.705Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}