{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1901-01-09:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-01-09","date_display":"January 9, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415393.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826928.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.7125,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":135.4683,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":229.7558,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7558},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":135.4683,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1349},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":41.1807},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415393.770833,"ahargana":1826928.2708,"kali_year":5002,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4704,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.63515299999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.782353,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4834},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":141.28795300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":259.076453,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":246.76375299999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":239.66225299999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":257.364553,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.5484,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.5484,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415393.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826928.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.7125,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":135.4683,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":229.7558,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7558},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":135.4683,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.1349},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":41.1807},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.483,"elongation":130.244},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.483,"opposition_distance":49.756}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.18752764921167,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 11 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 48 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:39","moonsetLocal":"10:06","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:40","end":"14:04","startHours":12.668851505306309,"endHours":14.067292461457768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:28","end":"09:52","startHours":8.473528636851933,"endHours":9.871969593003392,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:16","end":"12:40","startHours":11.27041054915485,"endHours":12.668851505306309,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:41","end":"10:04","startHours":9.685510798849863,"endHours":10.05842838715692,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:50","startHours":7.541234666084293,"endHours":7.839568736729937,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:03","startHours":12.295933916999253,"endHours":13.041769093613365,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.583417327472251,"endHours":6.329252504086362,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.1427937099328345,"endHours":7.075087680700474,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:17","startHours":14.533439446841587,"endHours":15.279274623455699,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:04","end":"18:28","startHours":18.062615329912145,"endHours":18.462615329912143,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:16","end":"18:44","startHours":18.262615329912144,"endHours":18.728762315295963,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:01","end":"19:46","startHours":18.012615329912144,"endHours":19.762615329912144,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:03","startHours":24.295933916999253,"endHours":25.04176909361336,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:05","end":"08:28","startHours":7.075087680700474,"endHours":8.473528636851933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:28","end":"09:52","startHours":8.473528636851933,"endHours":9.871969593003392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.871969593003392,"endHours":11.27041054915485,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:16","end":"12:40","startHours":11.27041054915485,"endHours":12.668851505306309,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:40","end":"14:04","startHours":12.668851505306309,"endHours":14.067292461457768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:04","end":"15:28","startHours":14.067292461457768,"endHours":15.465733417609226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:28","end":"16:52","startHours":15.465733417609226,"endHours":16.864174373760683,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:52","end":"18:16","startHours":16.864174373760683,"endHours":18.262615329912144,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:16","end":"19:52","startHours":18.262615329912144,"endHours":19.864174373760687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:52","end":"21:28","startHours":19.864174373760687,"endHours":21.465733417609226,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:28","end":"23:04","startHours":21.465733417609226,"endHours":23.067292461457768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:04","end":"00:40","startHours":23.067292461457768,"endHours":24.668851505306307,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:40","end":"02:16","startHours":24.668851505306307,"endHours":26.27041054915485,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:16","end":"03:52","startHours":26.27041054915485,"endHours":27.871969593003392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:52","end":"05:28","startHours":27.871969593003392,"endHours":29.47352863685193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:28","end":"07:05","startHours":29.47352863685193,"endHours":31.075087680700474,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.075087680700474,"endHours":8.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.075087680700474,"endHours":9.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.075087680700474,"endHours":10.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.075087680700474,"endHours":11.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.075087680700474,"endHours":12.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.075087680700474,"endHours":13.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.075087680700474,"endHours":14.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.075087680700474,"endHours":15.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.075087680700474,"endHours":16.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.075087680700474,"endHours":17.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.075087680700474,"endHours":18.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.075087680700474,"endHours":19.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.075087680700474,"endHours":20.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.075087680700474,"endHours":21.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.075087680700474,"endHours":22.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.075087680700474,"endHours":23.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.075087680700474,"endHours":24.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.075087680700474,"endHours":25.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.075087680700474,"endHours":26.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.075087680700474,"endHours":27.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.075087680700474,"endHours":28.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.075087680700474,"endHours":29.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.075087680700474,"endHours":30.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.075087680700474,"endHours":31.075087680700474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.212265584219715,"eotMinutes":-7.10429031837854,"ayanamsa":22.4704}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 9, 1901 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 9, 1901 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1901-01-09"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:29:50.137Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:29:50.137Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T17:29:50.137Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}